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Multiplex, Enzyme-free, Colorimetric Paper-based Device for the Measurement of Glucose, Uric Acid and Cholesterol
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Resumo(s)
The rise in the prevalence of chronic illnesses in under-developed countries, such as Diabetes mellitus, increases the necessity for diagnosis and medical treatment in these areas. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), diabetes is one of the most prevalente diseases globally, with close to 400 million patients, being predicted that this number will rise in the future. Consequently, there is the necessity to create alternatives that combat the lack of accessibility to medical facilities and increase the efficiency in diagnosis and treatment. In this context, precise and accessible measurement of relevant biomarkers, for diabetes and other complications, is of extreme importance. The creation of point-f-care devices, produced from a versatile and abundant material such as paper, in combination with enzyme-free, colorimetric detection methods, paired with information systems such as smartphones, stand out as a simple, robust and low-cost alternative, which allows for quantitative results in a short period of time. Especially, the potential to create multiplex sensors, measuring various markers simultaneously, using the same biological sample, brings a significant improvement in the efficiency of these measurements. The main goal for this dissertation work is, then, to develop a multiplex biosensor, able to simultaneously measure physiological concentrations of glucose, uric acid and cholesterol. To do so, Lab-on-Paper technology was employed, to create paper-based devices, using hydrophobic wax printing to develop microfluidic channels. This device is paired with enzyme-free detection methods, based on the use of gold nanoparticles, which are manipulated to show affinity towards these biomarkers. The developed multiplex sensor results from the application of recognition assays in paper substrate, using the colorimetric properties of reactions between the target analytes and gold nanoparticles. These assays were tested with solutions of different concentrations inside each respective physiological range. These tests were submitted to digital analysis, resulting in calibration curves which allow for the extrapolation of concentrations for each of the biomarkers, in a simple, fast and economical way.
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Palavras-chave
Paper biosensor multiplex point-of-care test gold nanoparticles glucose uric acid