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A terminological approach to knowledge organization within the scope of endometriosis: the EndoTerm project
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A presente tese de doutoramento visa descrever a conceção, o desenvolvimento
e a implementação do recurso EndoTerm, um produto terminológico dedicado à
endometriose e que visa contribuir para uma organização e partilha mais eficazes do
conhecimento especializado relativo a esta patologia.
Globalmente, os fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos do recurso
terminológico em questão encontram-se ancorados nas sinergias entre a Terminologia
– na dupla dimensão que a caracteriza – e as ontologias enquanto artefactos
informáticos. A estrutura nuclear do produto EndoTerm reflete essa abordagem, já que
este é composto por dois módulos autónomos que, no entanto, se articulam entre si:
[1] o módulo conceptual, que tem por base princípios oriundos de recursos
terminológicos biomédicos, tais como o SNOMED CT ou o Unified Medical Language
System (UMLS), e que serviram de base à construção de uma ontologia formal; e [2] o
módulo linguístico, cujo objetivo é enriquecer o recurso terminológico através da
inclusão de termos, definições em língua natural e outra informação linguística que
possa ser considerada relevante. Acresce que o conteúdo deste segundo módulo resulta
da análise do EndoCorpus, um corpus monolingue (em língua inglesa), constituído por
textos especializados do domínio da endometriose e construído especificamente no
âmbito do presente projeto.
Considera-se que um dos principais contributos do trabalho de investigação que
aqui se apresenta está relacionado com uma proposta de otimização de redação de
definições em língua natural. Mais concretamente, a proposta centra-se no papel
decisivo das definições formais dos conceitos nessa tarefa de redação, nomeadamente
através da criação de modelos (templates) de estruturas definicionais, resultantes do
trabalho terminológico. Em suma, pensa-se que a metodologia proposta poderá
contribuir para uma abordagem mais consistente e eficaz à redação de definições em
língua natural em contextos comunicacionais especializados e multilingues. Por último, o produto EndoTerm poderá ainda servir de base ao
desenvolvimento de recursos terminológicos e/ou lexicográficos relativos ao domínio
da endometriose, destinados quer a utilizadores humanos, quer a não humanos, já que
o conteúdo desta base de conhecimento pode ser operacionalizável, isto é, manipulável
e partilhável em termos informáticos. Deste modo, os princípios teóricos e
metodológicos que subjazem à criação deste recurso serão ilustrados através de um
estudo de caso centrado num procedimento cirúrgico comummente realizado em
pacientes com endometriose.
This PhD thesis aims to describe the conception, development and implementation of EndoTerm, a knowledge-based terminological resource focused on endometriosis which seeks to contribute to a more effective way of organizing and sharing the current knowledge regarding this particular subject field. Overall, EndoTerm’s theoretical and methodological principles are anchored in the synergies between Terminology - with its double-dimensional nature - and ontologies. This is also illustrated by EndoTerm’s core structure, composed of two modules that function in an autonomous, yet interrelated, way: [1] the conceptual module, supported by existing biomedical terminological resources, such as the SNOMED CT or the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), and which constitutes the basis of a formal ontology; and [2] the linguistic module, whose goal is to enrich the knowledge base with terms, natural language definitions and other relevant linguistic information, and which results from the analysis of the EndoCorpus, a monolingual (English) corpus specifically built within the scope of this project and containing specialized texts, written by subject field experts, regarding endometriosis. It is believed that one of the key contributions of this research work is its focus on formal conceptual definitions and on the drafting of natural language definitions, as well as on how the former can help ground the latter, especially via a set of definitional templates. Such a template-based methodology may provide a more consistent approach to the drafting of natural language definitions in more specialized – and hence, more restricted – communicative settings, in addition to contributing towards a more effective way of devising such natural language definitions in multiple languages. Ultimately, EndoTerm can constitute a valuable foundation for existing or future terminological and lexicographic resources concerning the subject field of endometriosis and which can be targeted either at human or machine users, since EndoTerm content also allows operationalization, i.e. it can be manipulated and shared by a computer. For that reason, a case study involving a common surgical procedure in cases of endometriosis will be provided and explored, to show how EndoTerm content can be exported and, thus, shared, in both human- and machine-readable formats, respectively.
This PhD thesis aims to describe the conception, development and implementation of EndoTerm, a knowledge-based terminological resource focused on endometriosis which seeks to contribute to a more effective way of organizing and sharing the current knowledge regarding this particular subject field. Overall, EndoTerm’s theoretical and methodological principles are anchored in the synergies between Terminology - with its double-dimensional nature - and ontologies. This is also illustrated by EndoTerm’s core structure, composed of two modules that function in an autonomous, yet interrelated, way: [1] the conceptual module, supported by existing biomedical terminological resources, such as the SNOMED CT or the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), and which constitutes the basis of a formal ontology; and [2] the linguistic module, whose goal is to enrich the knowledge base with terms, natural language definitions and other relevant linguistic information, and which results from the analysis of the EndoCorpus, a monolingual (English) corpus specifically built within the scope of this project and containing specialized texts, written by subject field experts, regarding endometriosis. It is believed that one of the key contributions of this research work is its focus on formal conceptual definitions and on the drafting of natural language definitions, as well as on how the former can help ground the latter, especially via a set of definitional templates. Such a template-based methodology may provide a more consistent approach to the drafting of natural language definitions in more specialized – and hence, more restricted – communicative settings, in addition to contributing towards a more effective way of devising such natural language definitions in multiple languages. Ultimately, EndoTerm can constitute a valuable foundation for existing or future terminological and lexicographic resources concerning the subject field of endometriosis and which can be targeted either at human or machine users, since EndoTerm content also allows operationalization, i.e. it can be manipulated and shared by a computer. For that reason, a case study involving a common surgical procedure in cases of endometriosis will be provided and explored, to show how EndoTerm content can be exported and, thus, shared, in both human- and machine-readable formats, respectively.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Terminological Organisation Endometriose EndoTerm Interoperabilidade Terminologia Ontologias Informática em Saúde Endometriosis Interoperability Terminology Ontologies Health Informatics