FCSH: IHC - Artigos em revista nacional com arbitragem científica
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- Provincializing History A conversation with Dipesh Chakrabarty on the 20th Anniversary of Provincializing EuropePublication . Neves, José; Cardão, Marcos; Departamento de História (DH); Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC); Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Instituto de História ContemporâneaThis interview was held in Lisbon in January 2020. At the time, Dipesh Chakrabarty was visiting Lisbon to participate as a keynote speaker in a congress on the Anthropocene, organized by Fundação Culturgest and Centro Interuniversitário de História das Ciências e da Tecnologia, University of Lisbon. This interview focuses exclusively on Provincializing Europe - Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference. Throughout the last two decades, Provincializing Europe became one of the most influential books in the field of History, with far-reaching implications for theoretical debates on the status of the discipline, ranging from the ethical to the methodological dimensions of its practice. Planned to be part of Práticas da História special issue on the 20th anniversary of Provincializing Europe, our conversation with Dipesh Chakrabarty covers, among other issues, his formative years, his move to Australia and his relation with Marxism.
- A Linha de CascaisPublication . Paulino, Joana Vieira; Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC)Este estudo pretende demonstrar o carácter inovador e modernizador da linha costeira portuguesa, que vai do centro de Lisboa à Cascais. Neste contexto, os conceitos de e estão associados a duas iniciativas, lideradas pelo empresário Fausto Cardoso de Figueiredo [1880-1950] e desenvolvidas durante o início do século XX: o luxuoso Parque Estoril e a eletrificação da Linha de Cascais [1926]. O objetivo é duplo. Por um lado, revelar a ideologia subjacente ao Parque Estoril e a construção deste resort de cariz internacional que, durante a II Guerra Mundial [1939-1945], acolheu monarcas exilados e espiões. Por outro lado, analisar a modernização do caminho-de-ferro de Cascais, pioneiro em Portugal na transição da tração a vapor para a eletricidade. A linha costeira de Cascais é, assim, um exemplo claro da relação simbiótica entre o turismo e as vias-férreas, aliado à visão progressista, maleabilidade e influência do empresário Fausto de Figueiredo na sociedade do seu tempo. This study aims to show the innovative and modernising character of the Portuguese coastline that goes from the centre of Lisbon to Cascais. In this context, the concepts of and are related to two initiatives, led by the businessman Fausto Cardoso de Figueiredo [1880-1950] and developed during the beginning of the 20th century: the Parque Estoril resort and the electrification of Cascais railway [1926]. There is a double goal. On one hand, we want to show the ideology behind Parque Estoril and the construction of this international resort that, during the Second World War [1939-1945], welcomed exiled monarchs and spies. On the other hand, we want to analyse the Cascais railway modernisation - the change from the steam power to the electricity one - which was pioneer within the Portuguese context. Cascais Coastline is a clear example of the symbiotic relationship between tourism and railways. It was clearly understood by the progressive vision, malleability and influence of the businessman Fausto de Figueiredo.
- Political Spectacle, Folklorist Practices, Visual Representations, and Print Media at the 1940 Portuguese World ExhibitionPublication . Serra, F; Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC); Universidade de CoimbraWithout ignoring the broader theoretical context that, since Walter Benjamin, has considered the "political spectacle" as the aestheticization of politics, this essay seeks to refocus the discussion on the social relationship mediated by images (Guy Debord, La Soci & eacute;t & eacute; du Spectacle, 1967) that visual propaganda produces as a political spectacle and spectacularization of everyday life. To this end, the article will discuss the cases of the Regional Centre of the 1940 Portuguese World Exhibition and its relationship with the illustrated album Vida e Arte do Povo Portugu & eacute;s (Life and Art of the Portuguese People, 1940), a lavish publication on ethnography produced by the regime's propaganda organization, the National Propaganda Secretariat. Trying, analytically, to bring together two propaganda devices an exhibition and an illustrated book that reinforces the messages of the exhibition, we will examine what role did they play as visual propaganda. We will explore the dialogue and the interconnection between the two media and with other publications, as well as the interplay between the exhibition's visuality and the graphic arrangements combining drawings, photographs, texts and manipulated symbols, the rhetoric of "Portugueseness" and the coincidence of those imagery discourses. In other words, how the "spectacle-politics" was formally reincarnated, as memory, instrument and images mediation, in this transmediatic process.
- Autogestão durante o período revolucionário portuguêsPublication . Cabreira , Pamela; Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC); Associacao Portuguesa de Estudos sobre as MulheresSelf-management as a form of resistance was widely adopted during the Portuguese revolutionary period, with a decisive impact on the textile/clothing sector. The aim of this article is to present and understand the organization of the workers at the Sogantal factory during their self-management period, seeking to emphasize relevant characteristics and attributes in the relationship between class and gender. Methodologically, we analyzed primary sources, mainly from the press, communiqués and newspapers produced by the women workers. Our conclusion is that the organization of the women of Sogantal represented an example in the workers’ struggle developed during the period and that it contributed to converting alienated work into a form of collective creation, with a strong sharing of experiences and solidarity between workers.
- Jardins do Romantismo em LisboaPublication . Fortes, Mário Luís Soares; Borralho, Luísa; Herculano, Carolina; Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC)
- Politics and Practices of visual propaganda in Portuguese Estado NovoPublication . Serra, Filomena; Castro, Paul Melo e; Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC); Universidade de CoimbraMass print media, such as newspapers and illustrated magazines, created mass audiences at the beginning of the twentieth century, offering fertile ground for governments wishing to mobilise entire societies for war or to disseminate information or propaganda to large groups of people in relatively short spaces of time. In the 1920s and 1930s, these printed means were joined, for political propaganda purposes, by cinema, photography and radio, which were especially exploited in the new authoritarian regimes of the Soviet Union, Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany.
- Populism in the “mild-mannered” countryPublication . Gonçalves, Gil; Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC); scieloptThis populist moments from a historical perspective. At the start of the current “populist wave”, pundits and academics justified the lack of support for populism in Portugal by falling back on the conservative metaphor of the “mild-mannered country” - claiming that the Portuguese were not prone to political radicalism. An examination of the country’s contemporary history reveals a different picture. Following case studies that encompass the Portuguese First Republic, the Estado Novo dictatorship, and the Carnation Revolution, we seek to demonstrate that populism in Portugal has been a force to be reckoned with.
- Doesn’t Paris like the Portuguese spring’?Publication . Pereira, Victor; Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC); Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Instituto Português de Relações InternacionaisFrance was one of the countries that followed with the greatest attention and concern the events that took place in Portugal between 25 April 1974 and the end of 1976. In 1974, there were 800,000 Portuguese living in France and French investment in Portugal had increased significantly in the early 1970s. While the French government initially looked favorably on 25 April and the decolonization process, the French attitude changed significantly after 11 March 1975 and especially during the Hot Summer. Valéry Giscard d’Estaing then advocated for suspending the financial aid that European institutions intended to grant to Portugal.
- O Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros em meados do século xixPublication . Melon Simões, Joaquim; Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC); Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Instituto Português de Relações InternacionaisO propósito deste artigo foi estudar as interações institucionais entre o Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros e as estruturas de saúde pública portuguesas, analisando as comunicações produzidas pela entidade diplomática sobre questões sanitárias num tempo histórico preciso, nos meados do século xix. Nesta investigação, verificou-se que o Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros desempenhava um papel paradoxal na implementação das políticas de saúde pública durante as décadas de 1840 e 1850, numa altura em que os dossiês relativos a assuntos de polícia médica tornavam mais complexas as relações com as potências internacionais da época.
- A perseguição legal à homossexualidade na Península IbéricaPublication . Afonso, Raquel; Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC); Centro em Rede de Investigação em Antropologia (CRIA)O quadro legal que serve de base à perseguição da homossexualidade em Portugal e no Estado espanhol surge antes do início das ditaduras ibéricas. Em Portugal, por exemplo, a I República cria legislação contra “os que praticam vícios contra a natureza”, a partir da Lei da Mendicidade (1912). No caso espanhol, o Código Penal de 1870 introduz, pela primeira vez, as categorias de delitos sexuais, que são usados para a detenção de homossexuais até à chegada da democracia. Apesar da homo/lesbofobia ser anterior aos regimes fascistas, é neste tipo de regimes que a perseguição da homossexualidade se transforma num elemento chave. Estas e outras leis, a aplicar mais tarde pelo Estado Novo e pelo franquismo, levam a que a homossexualidade seja observada enquanto crime. As comparações efetuadas pretendem reforçar a necessidade de continuar a resgatar a memória LGBTI, em particular na Península Ibérica. Assim, este artigo pretende analisar e comparar a legislação aplicada a homossexuais nos dois países, desde o século XIX, com o surgimento dos primeiros Códigos Penais, até à descriminalização da homossexualidade, que tem lugar em meados dos anos 80 do século XX.