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- Tertius DolensPublication . Tatarynowicz, Adam; Keil, Thomas; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE); INFORMS Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences
- Macroeconomic effects of public investment in EMDEsPublication . Adarov, Amat; Clements, Benedict; Jalles, João Tovar; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE); Blackwell Publishing LtdThe paper examines the macroeconomic effects of public investment in emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs). To this end the analysis develops a new measure of public investment shocks based on cyclically adjusted government investment. Estimations using local projections based on a sample of 129 countries over the period 1980–2019 suggest that public investment can significantly boost economic growth, crowd in private investment, and increase productivity and potential output. Estimates suggest that an increase in public investment by 1% of GDP raises real output by 1.1% after 5 years, on average. However, the effects are much larger when public investment spending is efficient and fiscal space is ample—reaching up to 1.6% over the same period. Public investment multipliers tend to be larger during recessions and in capital scarce economies.
- Double health insurance coverage and health care utilisationPublication . Pita Barros, Pedro; Moreira, Sara; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE); John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Double health insurance coverage exists when an individual benefits from more than one health insurance plan at the same time. We examine the impact of such supplementary insurance on the utilisation of doctor consultations in Portugal, taking advantage of institutional features which make double coverage plausibly exogenous. The novelty is that the analysis is carried out for different points of the conditional distribution, not only for its mean location, within the context of count data modelling and without imposing restrictive parametric assumptions. Results indicate that double coverage creates additional utilisation of health care across the whole outcome distribution for both public and private second layers of health insurance coverage but with greater magnitude in the latter group. We unveil that this additional consumption effect is relatively smaller for more frequent users. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Optimal job design and information elicitationPublication . Mukherjee, Arijit; Qi, Zijian; Vasconcelos, Luis; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE); Rand Journal of EconomicsWhen managers rely on their subordinates for local information but cannot commit to how such information is used, the incentives for effort and information elicitation become intertwined. This incentive problem influences the firm's job design decision, that is, whether to assign all tasks in a job to one worker (“individual assignment”) or split those among a group (“team assignment”). Team assignment facilitates information elicitation but suffers from diseconomies of scope in incentive provision. The optimal job design is driven by the workers' likelihood of being informed (about local conditions) and the noise in the performance measure used to reward them.
- Understanding climate engagement and open recognition in European higher educationPublication . Martín-Ramos, Pablo; Correa-Guimaraes, Adriana; Fourati-Jamoussi, Fatma; Burcke-Couchy, Kimberley; Lo Giudice, Lucio Alessandro; Tosi, Barbara; Oliveira Pinto, Frederico; Veiga Martins, Luís; Navas-Gracia, Luis Manuel; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE); European CommissionBackground: This mixed-methods study investigates student engagement with climate issues and perceptions of open recognition systems across four European educational institutions in France, Italy, Portugal, and Spain as part of the OpenPass4Climate Erasmus+ project. Against the backdrop of the European Green Deal and UNESCO's call for transformative education, our research addresses the critical need for innovative climate education approaches that bridge knowledge and action. Methods: Through a comprehensive approach combining surveys (n=630), individual interviews (n=69), national focus groups (n=45), and a transnational focus group (n=16), we examined students' climate attitudes, educational preferences, and views on digital badge systems for recognizing climate competencies. Results: Results reveal a notable disconnect between strong climate concern (mean=4.0/5) and moderate personal responsibility (3.2/5), alongside significant cross-country variations in environmental engagement, with Portuguese students consistently demonstrating the highest climate awareness and Italian students the lowest. While respondents strongly endorsed formal climate curriculum integration (4.1/5) and valued informal learning pathways (3.8/5), they reported limited participation in eco-pedagogical activities (2.3/5), highlighting an implementation gap in environmental education. Students rated their informal climate change education (3.5/5) more highly than formal training (3.2/5), suggesting untapped potential for recognition of non-formal learning experiences. Gender differences emerged consistently, with female respondents showing significantly higher environmental concern and engagement across multiple dimensions. Analysis of open badge perceptions revealed moderate familiarity but substantial interest, particularly when aligned with institutional credentialing systems and employer recognition frameworks. Conclusions: Key implementation challenges identified include the need for robust quality assurance mechanisms, institutional endorsement, and enhanced digital infrastructure accessibility. These findings inform strategic recommendations for developing the European Open Badges Passport, emphasizing the importance of balancing standardization with contextual flexibility while facilitating recognition of both formal and informal climate learning across diverse higher education settings.
- Cross-sectional error dependence in panel quantile regressionsPublication . Demetrescu, Matei; Hosseinkouchack, Mehdi; Rodrigues, Paulo M. M.; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE)This paper shows that cross-sectional dependence (CSD) is an indicator of misspecification in panel QR rather than just a nuisance that may be accounted for with panel-robust standard errors. This motivates the development of a novel test for panel QR misspecification based on detecting CSD. The test possesses a standard normal limiting distribution under joint N, T asymptotics with restrictions on the relative rate at which N and T go to infinity. A finite-sample correction improves the applicability of the test for panels with larger N. An empirical application illustrates the use of the proposed cross-sectional dependence test.
- Predictive data science as an epistemic stancePublication . Levina, Natalia; Gkeredakis, Emmanouil; Fayard, Anne-Laure; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE); SAGE PublicationsModern organizations face growing institutional and competitive pressures to adopt AI for predictive data science and to generate knowledge from vast digital datasets. While AI adoption promises new insights, it also engenders hidden capability traps, risking the conflation of reality with algorithmic representations and the neglect of non-digital or analogue dimensions of organizational life. This paper introduces the concept of epistemic stance—the underlying approach and orientation to generating knowledge in organizations—to critically examine the organizational implications of predictive data science. It unpacks the components and promises of a data science epistemic stance, highlights its epistemic risks, and explains its appeal to modern organizations. The paper argues that organizations can strengthen their knowledge capabilities by combining multiple epistemic stances through carefully designed sociotechnical systems.
- How the threat of knowledge loss drives firms’ R&D dynamismPublication . Asija, Aman; Ringov, Dimo; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE); Wiley-BlackwellDrawing on threat rigidity theory, this paper argues that the threat of knowledgeloss gives rise to a threat rigidity effect in firms’ R&D function, that is, reduces their R&Ddynamism. It further argues that the dampening of R&D dynamism is greater for firms morevulnerable to the threat of knowledge loss due to facing greater product market competition, yetlower for firms that can better respond to the threat due to having relatively higher absorptivecapacity and/or greater financial slack. Using a sample of publicly listed US manufacturingfirms tracked over a 15-year observation period from 1991 to 2015 and leveraging the quasi-natural experiment created by the staggered rejection of the inevitable disclosure doctrine (IDD)across fourteen US states, it empirically tests and finds support for the above hypotheses
- From sea to shorePublication . Armand, Alex; Taveras, Iván Kim; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE); MIT PressSince the Industrial Revolution, ocean water acidity has risen by 26% due to anthropogenic emissions—a process known as ocean acidification—posing a risk for marine life and the communities depending on it. This paper examines the consequences of ocean acidification for child health, using data from coastal regions in 36 low- and middle-income countries from 1972 to 2018, encompassing 41% of the world’s coastal population. Leveraging short-term exogenous shifts in ocean acidity near human settlements for identification, we find that prenatal exposure to higher water acidity significantly raises the risk of death in the first months of life and impacts early childhood development. We show evidence consistent with these effects being associated with maternal malnutrition, as increased acidity reduces catches for small-scale fisheries, increasing seafood prices and reducing consumption of crucial nutrients. Our findings indicate limited adaptation to these impacts. We estimate that, absent intervention, ocean acidification could contribute to as many as 77 million neonatal deaths in this region by 2100—a consequence that should not be ignored in the projected cost of climate change.
- Author CorrectionPublication . Ferreira, Eva; Orbe, Susan; Ascorbebeitia, Jone; Pereira, Brais Álvarez; Estrada, Ernesto; NOVA School of Business and Economics (NOVA SBE); Nature Publishing GroupThe Funding section in the original version of this Article was omitted. The Funding section now reads: “Brais Álvarez Pereira’s work on this study was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UIDB/00124/2020, UIDP/00124/2020 and Social Sciences Datalab – PINFRA/22209/2016), POR Lisboa and POR Norte (Social Sciences DataLab, PINFRA/22209/2016).” The original Article has been corrected.