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Materialidade e Tecnicidade: Investigação sobre a objectualidade técnica
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A presente investigação funda-se numa problematização do modo como a técnica
contemporânea introduziu um conjunto de alterações fracturantes nas representações
culturais da materialidade dos objectos. Depois do predomínio de uma estrutura
histórica de produção que deixou uma herança de referentes analógicos reconhecíveis
em objectos duros e palpáveis, imóveis e constantes, finalizados e controlados, a
contemporaneidade técnica é colonizada por novas configurações objectuais que,
enformadas em códigos numéricos e em operações informacionais, são representadas
como instáveis, múltiplas no espaço, fragmentadas e parciais, em constante faseamento
e sem consistência física. A convulsão dessa estrutura histórica origina uma crise. Em
debate está a constituição de uma linguagem crítica e a formação de novas categorias
explicativas que se coloquem para além da herança dessa tradição e que consigam
mapear um conjunto de objectos e de fenómenos sem semelhança com aqueles que
milenarmente formaram a experiência.
O reconhecimento da crise cultural que reflecte esta transformação técnica
despoleta duas direcções de investigação.
A primeira procura rever as representações materiais de uma cultura que,
devedora do essencialismo e do transcendentalismo, sempre se sentiu mais segura entre
as propriedades sólidas, constantes, métricas e controladas, do que entre os fluxos e as
propriedades cuja fisicalidade é instável e susceptível de uma persistente variação.
Neste sentido, é possível reconhecer uma relação histórica de dependência entre a
concepção de objecto e uma certa concepção de matéria determinada hic et nunc.
A segunda direcção – diagnosticados os sintomas das actuais configurações
processuais da matéria – procura relativizar essa concepção clássica de materialidade e,
consequentemente, de objecto. Para essa argumentação, apoiamo-nos na crítica de
Gilbert Simondon ao modelo clássico da matéria e da forma – o hilemorfismo. Em vez
da simples justaposição de duas abstracções previamente decidas, a matéria e a forma,
propõe-se que este modelo seja compreendido como um sistema dinâmico e
comunicacional, no qual, através de uma tensão energética entre realidades
heterogéneas, se concretiza progressivamente um novo equilíbrio. Aquilo que se foca é
a génese que acontece no entre dos processos de formação, em vez das determinações
materiais dos objectos já formados. Desse modo, emancipa-se uma objectualidade que,
por natureza, não se esgota nos estados finais e sempre terá atravessado a evolução
técnica como um conjunto de adaptações, negociações e conversões entre elementos
heterogéneos, instáveis e com uma propensão reticular. Em suma, e revendo os
sintomas da crise, trata-se de testar uma mudança de ângulo dos objectos técnicos em si
mesmos, reduzidos ao seus atributos estritamente materiais, para as operações e as
relações que estabelecem, enquanto elementos relacionais de um sistema e enquanto
irredutíveis centros de indeterminação e de criação de possíveis não previstos.
A tecnicidade é a expressão de um alargamento da objectualidade que, nesse
movimento, integra o curso da evolução, integra aquilo que está inscrito na natureza,
mas que é actualizado pelos agenciamentos técnicos, e, necessariamente, integra o
Homem enquanto inventor e utilizador que – no prazer que pode extrair de experimentar
e de ampliar incansavelmente os limites do existente – reconhece na tendência técnica,
sempre incompleta, a oportunidade da sua própria individuação.
This research is based on the problematization of how the contemporary technics introduces deep changes in objects materiality’s cultural representations. After the prevalence of a historical structure of production that left a legacy of analogue references identifiable on tangible objects, fixed, constant, complete and controlled ones, the contemporary technics is marked by new objectual configurations which are shaped in code numbers and informational operations and represented as unstable, multiple in space, fragmented and partial, in continuous phasing and with no physical consistency. The convulsion of this historical structure originates a crisis that argues the constitution of a critical language and the formation of new explanatory categories that go beyond this heritage, trying to map objects and phenomena with no similarities with those that for thousands of years have been shaping our experience. The recognition of the cultural crisis that reflects this technical transformation triggers two research directions. The first intends to review the material representations of a culture that, in the scope of essentialism and transcendentalism, has always been among the solid, constant, metric and controlled properties and far from the fluxes and properties whose physicality is unstable and susceptible of a persistent fluctuation. Therefore, it is possible to recognize a historical dependency relation between the object’s conception and a certain matter’s conception determined hic et nunc. The second direction – after being diagnosed the symptoms of the actual matter configurations – tries to relativize this materiality’s conception and therefore the object´s own. For this argument, we took support on Gilbert Simondon’s critique of the traditional model of matter and form – hylomorphism. Instead of simply juxtapose the two abstractions, the matter and the form, one proposes this model to be understood as a dynamic and communicational system in which, through an energetic tension between heterogeneous realities, a new balance is gradually accomplished. What is focused is the genesis happening in the between of the formation processes, rather than the shaped objects’ material determinations. Therefore, an objectuality’s emancipation takes place, one that, in its nature, does not run out in the final stated and has always crossed the technical evolution as a set of adaptions and conversions between heterogeneous and unstable elements. In brief, and reconsidering the crisis’ symptoms, it is testing a displacement of objects in themselves, strictly on their material qualities, to the operations and the relations they establish while relational elements of a system and as centers of indetermination and unpredictable possible’s creation. The tecnicity is the expression of an objectuality’s expansion which, in that movement, integrates the evolution’s course, as well as what is inscribed in nature, as that is updated by technical assemblages and necessarily integrates Man as creator and user who, with the pleasure he can extract from tirelessly experiencing and increasing the limits of what exists, identifies on the incomplete technical tendency the opportunity for one’s own individuation.
This research is based on the problematization of how the contemporary technics introduces deep changes in objects materiality’s cultural representations. After the prevalence of a historical structure of production that left a legacy of analogue references identifiable on tangible objects, fixed, constant, complete and controlled ones, the contemporary technics is marked by new objectual configurations which are shaped in code numbers and informational operations and represented as unstable, multiple in space, fragmented and partial, in continuous phasing and with no physical consistency. The convulsion of this historical structure originates a crisis that argues the constitution of a critical language and the formation of new explanatory categories that go beyond this heritage, trying to map objects and phenomena with no similarities with those that for thousands of years have been shaping our experience. The recognition of the cultural crisis that reflects this technical transformation triggers two research directions. The first intends to review the material representations of a culture that, in the scope of essentialism and transcendentalism, has always been among the solid, constant, metric and controlled properties and far from the fluxes and properties whose physicality is unstable and susceptible of a persistent fluctuation. Therefore, it is possible to recognize a historical dependency relation between the object’s conception and a certain matter’s conception determined hic et nunc. The second direction – after being diagnosed the symptoms of the actual matter configurations – tries to relativize this materiality’s conception and therefore the object´s own. For this argument, we took support on Gilbert Simondon’s critique of the traditional model of matter and form – hylomorphism. Instead of simply juxtapose the two abstractions, the matter and the form, one proposes this model to be understood as a dynamic and communicational system in which, through an energetic tension between heterogeneous realities, a new balance is gradually accomplished. What is focused is the genesis happening in the between of the formation processes, rather than the shaped objects’ material determinations. Therefore, an objectuality’s emancipation takes place, one that, in its nature, does not run out in the final stated and has always crossed the technical evolution as a set of adaptions and conversions between heterogeneous and unstable elements. In brief, and reconsidering the crisis’ symptoms, it is testing a displacement of objects in themselves, strictly on their material qualities, to the operations and the relations they establish while relational elements of a system and as centers of indetermination and unpredictable possible’s creation. The tecnicity is the expression of an objectuality’s expansion which, in that movement, integrates the evolution’s course, as well as what is inscribed in nature, as that is updated by technical assemblages and necessarily integrates Man as creator and user who, with the pleasure he can extract from tirelessly experiencing and increasing the limits of what exists, identifies on the incomplete technical tendency the opportunity for one’s own individuation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Objecto técnico Materialidade Tecnicidade Tendência Génese Essencialismo Hilemorfismo Individuação Transdução Natureza Reticular Sintético Possível Virtual Indeterminação Technical object Materiality Technicity Tendency Genesis Essentialism Hylomorphism Individuation Transduction Nature Reticular Synthetic Possible Virtual Indetermination