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Avaliação de compósitos de matriz metálica reforçados com partículas de diamantes para corte de rochas ornamentais
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Na indústria de corte de pedra, as ferramentas diamantadas são um marco de evolução
e inovação e têm cada vez mais substituído as ferramentas convencionais. Estas ferramentas
têm uma elevada resistência e possuem uma capacidade única de lidar com uma vasta gama
de materiais, levando a que o seu estudo seja relevante e de interesse para o setor.
Na presente dissertação foram estudadas diferentes pérolas diamantadas comercializadas atualmente, com o propósito de desenvolver uma pérola que se equipare às oferecidas
pela concorrência. A análise deste tipo de ferramentas, materiais compósitos diamantados de
matriz metálica, incluiu a avaliação das composições químicas, microestruturas e proprieda-
des mecânicas, com o intuito de promover o avanço do setor e ajudar no desenvolvimento de
um produto que ofereça vantagens competitivas significativas. Para tal, foram realizados ensaios que incluem Microscopia Ótica, Microscopia Eletrónica de Varrimento com Espetroscopia por Dispersão de Energia e Microdurezas.
Com a realização desta tese, percebeu-se que a adição de novos elementos à fórmula
inicial da pérola desenvolvida resultou numa pérola com qualidade comparável à da concor-
rência, considerada como referência, nomeadamente em termos de dureza da matriz metálica.
Tendo se observado também uma melhoria significativa na durabilidade e eficiência de corte,
comparativamente com a pérola inicial. Adicionalmente, foi possível avaliar as interfaces diamante-matriz metálica e as interfaces compósito-casquilho das pérolas, possibilitando uma análise crítica sobre as mesmas.
In the stone cutting industry, diamond tools represent a landmark of evolution and innovation, gradually replacing conventional tools. These tools are highly resistant and have a unique ability to handle a wide range of materials, making their study relevant and of interest to the sector. This dissertation studied different diamond wire saw beads currently available on the market, with the objective of developing a bead comparable to those offered by the competition. The analysis of this type of cutting tool, composite materials with a metal matrix reinforced by diamonds, included the evaluation of chemical compositions, microstructures, and mechanical properties, to advance the sector and help to develop a product that offers significant competitive advantages. To achieve this, tests were carried out, including Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and Microhardness tests. Through this thesis, it was concluded that the addition of new elements to the initial formula resulted in a bead with quality comparable to that of the competition, which is con- sidered the benchmark, particularly in terms of the hardness of the metal matrix. There was also a significant improvement in durability and cutting efficiency compared to the initial bead. Additionally, it was possible to evaluate the diamond-metal matrix interfaces and the composite-bushing interfaces of the beads, enabling a critical analysis of them.
In the stone cutting industry, diamond tools represent a landmark of evolution and innovation, gradually replacing conventional tools. These tools are highly resistant and have a unique ability to handle a wide range of materials, making their study relevant and of interest to the sector. This dissertation studied different diamond wire saw beads currently available on the market, with the objective of developing a bead comparable to those offered by the competition. The analysis of this type of cutting tool, composite materials with a metal matrix reinforced by diamonds, included the evaluation of chemical compositions, microstructures, and mechanical properties, to advance the sector and help to develop a product that offers significant competitive advantages. To achieve this, tests were carried out, including Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and Microhardness tests. Through this thesis, it was concluded that the addition of new elements to the initial formula resulted in a bead with quality comparable to that of the competition, which is con- sidered the benchmark, particularly in terms of the hardness of the metal matrix. There was also a significant improvement in durability and cutting efficiency compared to the initial bead. Additionally, it was possible to evaluate the diamond-metal matrix interfaces and the composite-bushing interfaces of the beads, enabling a critical analysis of them.
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Ferramentas de corte diamantadas Microestruturas Microdurezas