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Development of fibre-shaped photovoltaic devices for e-textiles
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Atualmente, a procura por soluções tecnológicas compactas, flexíveis, portáteis e susten-
táveis que ajudem a combater as alterações climáticas tem crescido exponencialmente. A ele-
trónica aplicada a têxteis é uma das áreas de grande interesse na investigação, dado que pode
ajudar a solucionar alguns desafios importantes em áreas como a saúde, a geração portátil de
energia e a integração de dispositivos eletrónicos no vestuário. Neste contexto, as células so-
lares em modo de fibra oferecem uma alternativa inovadora, permitindo a integração direta
nos têxteis, eliminando a necessidade de baterias tradicionais contribuindo para um futuro
mais eficiente e sustentável.
Neste trabalho, foram realizadas células solares em fios de carbono. O fio de carbono
funciona como elétrodo, o contacto posterior é formado por um filme de prata obtido por eva-
poração térmica. A camada de transporte de eletrões, óxido de estanho (SnO₂), foi otimizada
usando dois métodos: evaporação térmica e eletrodeposição. As melhores características desta
camada foram obtidas por eletrodeposição nas condições de 0,2 V por 30 minutos, seguida de
uma camada de preenchimento, PEIE. A camada fotossensível e a camada de PEDOT:PSS fo-
ram obtidas por eletrospray – técnica inovadora, tendo-se otimizada a sua espessura estu-
dando a influência do tempo de deposição. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos para 1 hora
de deposição, para ambas as camadas. Este trabalho focou-se na produção, caracterização e
integração das diferentes camadas, para obtenção da célula solar. Assim, a produção e otimi-
zação das camadas foi possível caracterizando as suas propriedades por SEM, Microscopia
ótica, EDS, Raman e DRX. Os dispositivos foram caracterizados eletricamente através das cur-
vas J-V. Devido à estrutura e geometria dos fios, à rápida degradação do material fotossensí-
vel, à dificuldade na sobreposição das diferentes camadas, a obtenção de uma estrutura repre-
sentativa da tecnologia foi desafiante. No entanto, foi possível obter uma estrutura com Voc de
0,12 V, densidade de corrente de curto-circuito estimada Jsc de 54,7 nA.cm-2, um FF de 25,4%.
The demand for compact, flexible, portable, and sustainable technological solutions to assist in combating climate change has grown exponentially in recent times. One of the most promising areas of research is the application of electronics to textiles. This field of study has the potential to address significant challenges in various domains, including health, portable energy generation, and the integration of electronic devices into clothing. In this context, fiber- mode solar cells present an innovative alternative, allowing direct integration into textiles and thereby eliminating the need for traditional batteries. This contributes to a more efficient and sustainable future. In this study, solar cells were fabricated from carbon yarn. The carbon yarn serves as the electrode, with a subsequent contact formed by a silver film obtained via thermal evaporation. The electron transport layer, tin oxide (SnO₂), was optimized through the application of two methods: thermal evaporation and electrodeposition. The optimal characteristics of the layer were achieved through electrodeposition under conditions of 0.2 V for 30 minutes, followed by a buffer layer, PEIE. The photosensitive layer and the PEDOT:PSS layer were obtained by electrospray, an innovative technique, and their thickness was optimized by studying the in- fluence of deposition time. The most favorable outcomes were observed when deposition was conducted for one hour for both layers. This study concentrated on the fabrication, character- ization, and integration of the various layers to create a solar cell. Consequently, the produc- tion and optimization of the layers were made possible through the characterization of their properties using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The devices were sub- jected to electrical characterization using J-V curves. The structure and geometry of the wires, in conjunction with the rapid degradation of the photosensitive material and the difficulty in overlapping the different layers, presented a significant challenge in obtaining a representa- tive structure of the technology. However, a structure with a Voc of 0.12 V, an estimated short- circuit current density Jsc of 54.7 nA.cm-2, and a FF of 25.4% was successfully achieved.
The demand for compact, flexible, portable, and sustainable technological solutions to assist in combating climate change has grown exponentially in recent times. One of the most promising areas of research is the application of electronics to textiles. This field of study has the potential to address significant challenges in various domains, including health, portable energy generation, and the integration of electronic devices into clothing. In this context, fiber- mode solar cells present an innovative alternative, allowing direct integration into textiles and thereby eliminating the need for traditional batteries. This contributes to a more efficient and sustainable future. In this study, solar cells were fabricated from carbon yarn. The carbon yarn serves as the electrode, with a subsequent contact formed by a silver film obtained via thermal evaporation. The electron transport layer, tin oxide (SnO₂), was optimized through the application of two methods: thermal evaporation and electrodeposition. The optimal characteristics of the layer were achieved through electrodeposition under conditions of 0.2 V for 30 minutes, followed by a buffer layer, PEIE. The photosensitive layer and the PEDOT:PSS layer were obtained by electrospray, an innovative technique, and their thickness was optimized by studying the in- fluence of deposition time. The most favorable outcomes were observed when deposition was conducted for one hour for both layers. This study concentrated on the fabrication, character- ization, and integration of the various layers to create a solar cell. Consequently, the produc- tion and optimization of the layers were made possible through the characterization of their properties using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The devices were sub- jected to electrical characterization using J-V curves. The structure and geometry of the wires, in conjunction with the rapid degradation of the photosensitive material and the difficulty in overlapping the different layers, presented a significant challenge in obtaining a representa- tive structure of the technology. However, a structure with a Voc of 0.12 V, an estimated short- circuit current density Jsc of 54.7 nA.cm-2, and a FF of 25.4% was successfully achieved.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Electronic textiles Photovoltaic devices Organic solar cells Oxides Polymers