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Este estudo exploratório investiga a utilização de Realidade Aumentada (AR, Augmented Reality) para desenvolver instruções de montagem de sistemas mecânicos na indústria automóvel, com o objetivo de aumentar a eficiência dos processos de montagem de componentes e assegurar o cumprimento das tolerâncias geométricas. A AR oferece uma solução inovadora, baseada nas tolerâncias geométricas, ao permitir que informações digitais, como instruções de montagem, sejam visualizadas em tempo real e sobrepostas nas peças. A metodologia proposta foi aplicada a um caso industrial real, desenvolvido em colaboração com a BENTELER,
envolvendo a montagem de um subconjunto de para-choques frontal de um veículo automóvel. O estudo mostrou que a utilização de AR pode melhorar a compreensão das etapas de montagem, eliminando a necessidade de protótipos físicos para a análise da montagem. Além disso, esta abordagem facilita a formação de operadores, ao fornecer instruções visuais em tempo real. Contudo, o trabalho identificou limitações no uso de AR, especialmente relacionadas às capacidades do software de desenvolvimento e à precisão na identificação de pontos
de referência em objetos de grande dimensão e montagens com elevado grau de complexi-
dade.
Para futuros estudos, recomenda-se melhorias nas ferramentas de AR e na integração
com o hardware de captura de imagens. A AR também pode ser aplicada em áreas como o
projeto de ferramentas de fixação, permitindo a visualização interativa e em tempo real de
projetos e facilitando a deteção previa de problemas, o que pode trazer benefícios à engenharia simultânea levando à aceleração do ciclo de desenvolvimento.
This exploratory study investigates the potential of augmented reality (AR) as a tool for developing assembly instructions for mechanical systems in the automotive industry. The objective is to enhance the efficiency of component assembly processes and ensure compliance with geometric tolerances. AR provides an innovative solution based on geometric tolerances, enabling the real-time visualisation and superimposition of digital information, such as assembly instructions, on physical components. The proposed methodology was implemented in a real-world industrial case study, developed in collaboration with BENTELER, which involved the assembly of a front bumper sub-assembly for a motor vehicle. The study demonstrated that the utilisation of AR can enhance comprehension of the assembly procedures, obviating the necessity for tangible prototypes to assess the assembly. Moreover, this methodology facilitates operator training by providing visual instructions in real time. Nevertheless, the investigation identified constraints associated with the deployment of AR, particularly with respect to the capabilities of the development software and the precision of identifying reference points in large objects and assemblies characterised by a high degree of complexity. It is recommended that future studies make use of improvements to AR tools and integration with image capture hardware. Furthermore, AR can be applied in areas such as the design of fastening tools, allowing for the interactive, real-time visualisation of designs and facilitating the early detection of problems. This can bring benefits to concurrent engineering by speeding up the development cycle.
This exploratory study investigates the potential of augmented reality (AR) as a tool for developing assembly instructions for mechanical systems in the automotive industry. The objective is to enhance the efficiency of component assembly processes and ensure compliance with geometric tolerances. AR provides an innovative solution based on geometric tolerances, enabling the real-time visualisation and superimposition of digital information, such as assembly instructions, on physical components. The proposed methodology was implemented in a real-world industrial case study, developed in collaboration with BENTELER, which involved the assembly of a front bumper sub-assembly for a motor vehicle. The study demonstrated that the utilisation of AR can enhance comprehension of the assembly procedures, obviating the necessity for tangible prototypes to assess the assembly. Moreover, this methodology facilitates operator training by providing visual instructions in real time. Nevertheless, the investigation identified constraints associated with the deployment of AR, particularly with respect to the capabilities of the development software and the precision of identifying reference points in large objects and assemblies characterised by a high degree of complexity. It is recommended that future studies make use of improvements to AR tools and integration with image capture hardware. Furthermore, AR can be applied in areas such as the design of fastening tools, allowing for the interactive, real-time visualisation of designs and facilitating the early detection of problems. This can bring benefits to concurrent engineering by speeding up the development cycle.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Realidade Aumentada Indústria Automóvel Montagem de Sistemas Mecânicos Sequência de Montagem Tolerâncias Geométricas
