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Tendo como ponto de partida o experimentalismo que marcou os anos sessenta em Portugal, a presente dissertação procura analisar e compreender os desenvolvimentos da produção artística portuguesa da última década do século XX. Centrando o discurso nos domínios do corpo na esfera artística portuguesa, reflectimos acerca do espectador contemporâneo e da produção que o convoca, segundo uma problemática que vai ao encontro da questão do corpo na obra de arte enquanto tema, processo e objecto. Convocando a linguagem interventiva que se evidencia na década de 1970, em continuidade com o panorama artístico dos anos sessenta, procuramos desenvolver um percurso organizado sequencialmente e pautado por diversas ramificações. Neste contexto, destacamos a figura de Ernesto de Sousa e, em particular, a Alternativa Zero — Tendências Polémicas na Arte Portuguesa Contemporânea enquanto paradigma de grande relevo para a mais recente história da arte portuguesa.
Com vista à interpretação e contextualização da lógica artística da década de noventa, a primeira parte deste trabalho toma como referência os códigos de ruptura inaugurados nos anos sessenta e sedimentados nas propostas da Alternativa Zero, em 1977, estendendo-se pela década seguinte. Naturalmente, é destacada a inauguração do Museu de Arte Contemporânea da Fundação de Serralves e a exposição então comissariada por João Fernandes em 1997, Perspectiva: Alternativa Zero, que revisitou o evento de 1977. Este projecto expositivo vem esclarecer uma nova geração de artistas, actualizando a compreensão da história da arte portuguesa e deixando ressurgir um conjunto de ideias que propunham um campo de acção ao nível dos programas internacionais, com base nos diferentes modos de abordagem do papel do espectador enquanto presença fundamental. Numa segunda parte, recorrendo ao estudo de um conjunto de propostas de artistas activos no panorama artístico português da última década do século XX, é desenvolvida uma reflexão acerca dos diferentes modos de abordagem do conceito de corpo, a partir da identificação de três vectores – corpo ausente, corpo presente, corpo do espectador – e segundo um discurso centrado na amplitude participativa da obra de arte.
Não pretendendo secundarizar a importância da matéria, esta dissertação propõe uma interpretação da obra de arte enquanto dinâmica multi-sensorial tendo por base o conceito de imaterialidade, expresso por meio da convocação de uma lógica de diálogo com a audiência.
Taking as a starting point the 1960’s experimentalism in Portugal, the current dissertation aims to examine and understand the developments of the Portuguese artistic production of the last decade of the twentieth century. Focusing the discussion on the field of the body within the Portuguese artistic scene, we propose to consider both the contemporary spectator and the production that invites him, according to an interpretation of the body as subject, process and object of the work of art. Invoking the interventional language that is evident in the 1970’s, keeping up the founding premises of the preceding decade, we aim to develop a chronologically organized path. In this context, we have decided to highlight the Alternativa Zero — Tendências Polémicas na Arte Portuguesa Contemporânea, curated by Ernesto de Sousa, as one of the most influential hallmarks in recent Portuguese art history. In order to understand and contextualize 1990’s artistic logic, the first part of the presented work takes as a reference the subversive language of the 1960’s and its subsequent incorporation in the work of Alternativa Zero in 1977, prolonging itself through the following decade. Naturally, the Serralves Foundation’s Museum of Contemporary Art opening is featured, as well as the revisitation of the event from 1977: Perspectiva: Alternativa Zero, curated by João Fernandes in 1997. This exhibition project was able to clarify a new wave of artists, updating the knowledge about Portuguese art as well as reinterpreting a set of ideas which focus on a field of action levelled with the international proposals, based upon different approaches on the spectator’s role as a fundamental presence. In a second part, considering a set of artistic proposals produced in the final decade of the twentieth century, we explore the body as a concept through its diverse ways of approach in light of three vectors – absent body, present body, spectator’s body – and according to a dialogue centred in the depth of participatory art. Not intending to underestimate the importance of the visible and material, this dissertation proposes an interpretation of the artwork as a multi-sensory dynamic based on the concept of immateriality, expressed through the dialogue with the audience.
Taking as a starting point the 1960’s experimentalism in Portugal, the current dissertation aims to examine and understand the developments of the Portuguese artistic production of the last decade of the twentieth century. Focusing the discussion on the field of the body within the Portuguese artistic scene, we propose to consider both the contemporary spectator and the production that invites him, according to an interpretation of the body as subject, process and object of the work of art. Invoking the interventional language that is evident in the 1970’s, keeping up the founding premises of the preceding decade, we aim to develop a chronologically organized path. In this context, we have decided to highlight the Alternativa Zero — Tendências Polémicas na Arte Portuguesa Contemporânea, curated by Ernesto de Sousa, as one of the most influential hallmarks in recent Portuguese art history. In order to understand and contextualize 1990’s artistic logic, the first part of the presented work takes as a reference the subversive language of the 1960’s and its subsequent incorporation in the work of Alternativa Zero in 1977, prolonging itself through the following decade. Naturally, the Serralves Foundation’s Museum of Contemporary Art opening is featured, as well as the revisitation of the event from 1977: Perspectiva: Alternativa Zero, curated by João Fernandes in 1997. This exhibition project was able to clarify a new wave of artists, updating the knowledge about Portuguese art as well as reinterpreting a set of ideas which focus on a field of action levelled with the international proposals, based upon different approaches on the spectator’s role as a fundamental presence. In a second part, considering a set of artistic proposals produced in the final decade of the twentieth century, we explore the body as a concept through its diverse ways of approach in light of three vectors – absent body, present body, spectator’s body – and according to a dialogue centred in the depth of participatory art. Not intending to underestimate the importance of the visible and material, this dissertation proposes an interpretation of the artwork as a multi-sensory dynamic based on the concept of immateriality, expressed through the dialogue with the audience.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Corpo Experimentalismo Participação Anos 90 Portugal Século XX Arte Contemporânea Body Experimentalism Participation 90’s Twentieth Century Contemporary Art
