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Os aços revestidos a zinco são amplamente utilizados nos diferentes tipos de indústria (automóvel,
refrigeração, entre outros), devido à capacidade de o zinco atuar como ânodo sacrificial e assim prote-
ger o substrato (aço) e respetivas propriedades mecânicas e químicas, durante mais tempo quando
exposto a ambientes corrosivos. Tendo por base um melhor aconselhamento dos clientes da SLEM -
Bamesa, analisou-se, maioritariamente, por ensaios eletroquímicos (EIS e OCP) o comportamento à
corrosão de dois aços comercializados pela SLEM, um aço galvanizado e um aço eletrogalvanizado.
Pelos ensaios eletroquímicos pretende-se monitorizar o potencial em circuito aberto (OCP) e avaliar a
resistência à corrosão por espetroscopia de impedância eletroquímica (EIS), durante o período de imer-
são das amostras numa solução de 1% NaCl. Para tal, utilizou-se uma célula eletroquímica com 3
elétrodos sendo o elétrodo de referência um elétrodo de cloreto de prata, Ag/AgCl/3.0 mol/Kg KCl.
No primeiro conjunto de amostras, HDG-01 e EG-01, as condições de trabalho para avaliar a impedân-
cia (EIS) focaram-se, com vista a acelerar o processo de oxidação, numa polarização anódica da amos-
tra a um potencial de 0 mV vs Eref. Inevitavelmente, foram reproduzidas condições de corrosão relati-
vamente agressivas. Para o segundo conjunto de amostras, HDG-02 e EG-02, optou-se por condições
mais brandas de polarização anódica, definindo-se um potencial de -850 mV vs Eref.
Paralelamente, foram realizados ensaios não eletroquímicos que pretendem completar a análise da
resistência à corrosão dos dois tipos de aço revestidos através da imersão das amostras numa solução
de 1% NaCl, exposição das amostras a atmosfera real ao ar livre durante 90 dias, e um teste em câmara
de atmosfera saturada (HR ~ 100%), não salina, com períodos secos intervalados de 8 h. Por fim, foi
também efetuado por microscopia eletrónica de varrimento (SEM-EDS) a caracterização da espessura,
as qualidades físicas (adesão e uniformidade) e a natureza química (composição elementar) dos re-
vestimentos de zinco dos dois aços revestidos.
Zinc-coated steels are widely used in different types of industry (automotive, refrigeration, among oth- ers) due to the ability of zinc to act as a sacrificial anode and thus protect the substrate (steel) and its mechanical and chemical properties for longer when exposed to corrosive environments. Based on bet- ter advice to SLEM customers, the corrosion resistance of galvanized steel and electro-galvanized steel was compared by electrochemical (EIS and OCP) and non-electrochemical tests. For the electrochemical tests, it is intended to monitor the open circuit potential (OCP) and to evaluate the corrosion resistance by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) during the immersion period in a 1% NaCl solution. For this purpose, an electrochemical cell with 3 electrodes was used, the refer- ence electrode being a silver chloride electrode, Ag/AgCl/3.0 mol/Kg KCl. In the first set of samples, HDG-01 and EG-01, the working conditions to evaluate the impedance (EIS) focused on accelerating the oxidation process by anodic polarization of the sample at a potential of 0 mV vs Eref during 5 days of immersion. Inevitably, aggressive corrosion conditions were reproduced. For the second set of samples, HDG-02 and EG-02, milder anodic polarization conditions were chosen, opting for a potential of -850 mV vs Eref during 80 days of immersion. At the same time, the non-electrochemical tests aim to complete the analysis of the corrosion resistance of the two types of coated steel by immersing the samples in a 1% NaCl solution, exposing the samples to a real atmosphere outdoors for 90 days, and a test in saturated atmosphere chamber (HR ~ 100%), non-saline and dry cycles for periods of 8 hours. Finally, characterization of the thickness, the physical qualities (adhesion and uniformity) and the chemical nature (elemental composition) of the zinc coatings on coated steels was also carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS).
Zinc-coated steels are widely used in different types of industry (automotive, refrigeration, among oth- ers) due to the ability of zinc to act as a sacrificial anode and thus protect the substrate (steel) and its mechanical and chemical properties for longer when exposed to corrosive environments. Based on bet- ter advice to SLEM customers, the corrosion resistance of galvanized steel and electro-galvanized steel was compared by electrochemical (EIS and OCP) and non-electrochemical tests. For the electrochemical tests, it is intended to monitor the open circuit potential (OCP) and to evaluate the corrosion resistance by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) during the immersion period in a 1% NaCl solution. For this purpose, an electrochemical cell with 3 electrodes was used, the refer- ence electrode being a silver chloride electrode, Ag/AgCl/3.0 mol/Kg KCl. In the first set of samples, HDG-01 and EG-01, the working conditions to evaluate the impedance (EIS) focused on accelerating the oxidation process by anodic polarization of the sample at a potential of 0 mV vs Eref during 5 days of immersion. Inevitably, aggressive corrosion conditions were reproduced. For the second set of samples, HDG-02 and EG-02, milder anodic polarization conditions were chosen, opting for a potential of -850 mV vs Eref during 80 days of immersion. At the same time, the non-electrochemical tests aim to complete the analysis of the corrosion resistance of the two types of coated steel by immersing the samples in a 1% NaCl solution, exposing the samples to a real atmosphere outdoors for 90 days, and a test in saturated atmosphere chamber (HR ~ 100%), non-saline and dry cycles for periods of 8 hours. Finally, characterization of the thickness, the physical qualities (adhesion and uniformity) and the chemical nature (elemental composition) of the zinc coatings on coated steels was also carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Aço galvanizado e aço eletrogalvanizado Solução de 1% NaCl Espetroscopia de impedância eletroquímica (EIS) Potencial de circuito aberto (OCP) Microscopia eletrónica de varrimento (SEM-EDS)
