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Estudo da interação de um dispositivo de Jato de Plasma com moléculas de DNA
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O cancro é um problema importante de saúde pública, pois é uma das principais causas
de morte em todo o mundo. O impacto económico do cancro também é significativo, pois
pode levar a elevados custos de saúde e perda de produtividade. Deste modo, é uma
área importante de pesquisa e interesse na área da saúde. A abordagem proposta nesta
dissertação é o uso de plasma atmosférico frio como um método de tratamento ou como
técnica de tratamento secundário. Este tipo de tecnologia é interessante devido à sua
seletividade, ou seja, tem a capacidade de atingir especificamente células cancerígenas,
não afetando as células sãs. Para entender melhor o mecanismo de seletividade e validar
a segurança da aplicação desta tecnologia, este estudo teve como objetivo observar o
efeito de exposição entre o jato de plasma e as moléculas DNA e DNA encapsulado por
lipossomas.
Com o objetivo de estudar a interação entre o CAP (do inglês, Cold Atmospheric
Plasma) e o DNA, prepararam-se amostras de DNA em concentração de 50 𝜇g/mL em
solução aquosa eem emulsão aquosa com lipossomas. Foram realizados diferentes estudos
para se obter mais informações sobre essa interação.
Inicialmente, foi analisado o impacto do tempo de exposição ao jato de plasma e
observou-se um aumento da absorvância em todo o espectro. Concluiu-se que esse
aumento foi resultado da introdução de espécies de RONS (do ingês, Reactive Oxygen and
Nitrogen Species) no meio. Em seguida, foram realizados estudos de longevidade do efeito
da exposição ao jato de plasma, onde se verificou que as espécies RONS podem manter-se
presentes em igual concentração após 72 horas, nas condições de preservação utilizadas.
Para avaliar a capacidade dos lipossomas de proteger o DNA de possíveis danos, foram
realizadas análises que, devido às complicações introduzidas pelas espécies RONS, não
foram conclusivas. Realizou-se um estudo de distância entre as soluções de controlo ao
CAP, bem como a possibilidade de evaporação durante o período de exposição. Concluiuse
que, para que o CAP atue na solução de forma não negligenciável, é necessário que este
se encontre diretamente acima da solução, não tendo sido verificado qualquer impacto
do CAP nas soluções controlo ou qualquer evaporação nas condições utilizadas. Por fim,
foi analisado o impacto da mistura das espécies RONS com as moléculas de água para se perceber a sua relevância na medição dos espectros de absorvância. Concluiu-se que a
ativação da água tem um papel determinante na alteração dos espectros de absorvância
das soluções/emulsões medidas ao longo do estudo.
worldwide. The economic impact of cancer is also significant as it can lead to high healthcare costs and loss of productivity. Therefore, it is an important area of research and interest in the healthcare field. The approach proposed in this dissertation is the use of CAP as a treatment method or as a secondary treatment technique. This type of technology is interesting due to its selectivity, i.e., it has the ability to specifically target cancer cells, without affecting healthy cells. To better understand the selectivity mechanism and validate the safety of applying this technology, this study aimed to observe the effect of exposure between the plasma jet and DNA molecules and DNA encapsulated by liposomes. In order to study the interaction between CAP (Cold Atmospheric Plasm) and DNA, samples of DNA were prepared in a concentration of 50 𝜇g/mL in aqueous solution and in aqueous emulsion with liposomes. Different studies were carried out to obtain more information about this interaction. Initially, the impact of exposure time to the plasma jet was analyzed, and an increase in absorbance was observed throughout the spectrum. It was concluded that this increase was a result of the introduction of RONS (Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species) in the medium. Next, longevity studies of the effect of exposure to the plasma jet were carried out, where it was found that RONS species can remain present at the same concentration after 72 hours under the preservation conditions used. To evaluate the ability of liposomes to protect DNA from possible damage, analyses were carried out that, due to the complications introduced by RONS species, were inconclusive. A study of the distance between control solutions and CAP, as well as the possibility of evaporation during the exposure period, was carried out. It was concluded that for CAP to act on the solution in a non-negligible way, it is necessary for it to be directly above the solution, and no impact of CAP on the control solutions or any evaporation under the conditions used was observed. Finally, the impact of the mixture of RONS species with water molecules was analyzed to understand their relevance in measuring absorbance spectra. It was concluded that water activation plays a decisive role in changing the absorbance spectra of the solutions/emulsion measured throughout the experiments.
worldwide. The economic impact of cancer is also significant as it can lead to high healthcare costs and loss of productivity. Therefore, it is an important area of research and interest in the healthcare field. The approach proposed in this dissertation is the use of CAP as a treatment method or as a secondary treatment technique. This type of technology is interesting due to its selectivity, i.e., it has the ability to specifically target cancer cells, without affecting healthy cells. To better understand the selectivity mechanism and validate the safety of applying this technology, this study aimed to observe the effect of exposure between the plasma jet and DNA molecules and DNA encapsulated by liposomes. In order to study the interaction between CAP (Cold Atmospheric Plasm) and DNA, samples of DNA were prepared in a concentration of 50 𝜇g/mL in aqueous solution and in aqueous emulsion with liposomes. Different studies were carried out to obtain more information about this interaction. Initially, the impact of exposure time to the plasma jet was analyzed, and an increase in absorbance was observed throughout the spectrum. It was concluded that this increase was a result of the introduction of RONS (Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species) in the medium. Next, longevity studies of the effect of exposure to the plasma jet were carried out, where it was found that RONS species can remain present at the same concentration after 72 hours under the preservation conditions used. To evaluate the ability of liposomes to protect DNA from possible damage, analyses were carried out that, due to the complications introduced by RONS species, were inconclusive. A study of the distance between control solutions and CAP, as well as the possibility of evaporation during the exposure period, was carried out. It was concluded that for CAP to act on the solution in a non-negligible way, it is necessary for it to be directly above the solution, and no impact of CAP on the control solutions or any evaporation under the conditions used was observed. Finally, the impact of the mixture of RONS species with water molecules was analyzed to understand their relevance in measuring absorbance spectra. It was concluded that water activation plays a decisive role in changing the absorbance spectra of the solutions/emulsion measured throughout the experiments.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cancro plasma frio atmosférico tratamento deDNA RONS seletividade