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Análise comparativa de ciclo de vida de soluções construtivas para reabilitação de fachadas de edifícios
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O setor da construção civil é considerado o principal responsável pelo consumo de matérias-primas e de energia, bem como pela produção de resíduos, não só na Europa, como em todo o mundo. Tanto na construção nova como na reabilitação de edifícios, é necessário promover estratégias e aplicar medidas de modo a reduzir o consumo de recursos naturais, a utilização de combustíveis fósseis, assim como diminuir as emissões de carbono para a atmosfera.
Tendo como base o conceito de Construção Sustentável, realizou-se este estudo de impacte ambiental, aplicando a metodologia de Avaliação de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) a quatro sistemas construtivos, no âmbito da reabilitação de fachadas de edifícios. Foram considerados dois ETICS (um com isolante térmico em EPS e o outro com ICB) e dois sistemas de fachada ventilada (um com revestimento de madeira termotratada e o outro de madeira pintada).
O objetivo pretendido foi quantificar e comparar as várias soluções em termos de desempenho ambiental. A análise foi efetuada considerando o ciclo de vida completo das soluções, com recurso ao software SimaPro®.
Concluiu-se que, de uma forma resumida, as fases de ciclo de vida que apresentam maior contributo, em termos impacte para o ambiente, são as de fabrico e de manutenção dos componentes dos sistemas. Já em termos de análise comparativa, o sistema de fachada ventilada com revestimento de madeira termotratada foi o que apresentou maior impacte ambiental em quase todas as categorias, enquanto o sistema com revestimento de madeira com acabamento em pintura foi o que apresentou melhor desempenho.
The construction sector is considered the main responsible for the consumption of raw mate-rials and energy, as well as for the waste production, not only in Europe, but throughout the world. Both in new construction and building retrofitting, is necessary to promote strategies and implement measures in order to reduce the consumption of natural resources, the use of fossil fuels, as well as to reduce the carbon emissions. Based on the concept of Sustainable Construction, this environmental impact study was carried out by applying the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology to four construction systems, in the context of building facade retrofitting. Two ETICS (one with EPS thermal insulation and the other with ICB) and two ventilated facade systems (one with heat-treated timber cladding and the other with painted timber) were considered. The intended objective was to quantify and compare the various solutions in terms of environ-mental performance. The analysis was performed considering the whole life cycle of the solu-tions, using the SimaPro® software. It was concluded that, in a summarized way, the life cycle phases that show a larger contribu-tion, in terms of environmental impact, are the production and the maintenance stages of the system components. In terms of comparative analysis, the ventilated facade system with heat-treated timber cladding was the one that presented the highest environmental impact in al-most every category, while the system with the painted timber cladding was the one that showed better performance.
The construction sector is considered the main responsible for the consumption of raw mate-rials and energy, as well as for the waste production, not only in Europe, but throughout the world. Both in new construction and building retrofitting, is necessary to promote strategies and implement measures in order to reduce the consumption of natural resources, the use of fossil fuels, as well as to reduce the carbon emissions. Based on the concept of Sustainable Construction, this environmental impact study was carried out by applying the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology to four construction systems, in the context of building facade retrofitting. Two ETICS (one with EPS thermal insulation and the other with ICB) and two ventilated facade systems (one with heat-treated timber cladding and the other with painted timber) were considered. The intended objective was to quantify and compare the various solutions in terms of environ-mental performance. The analysis was performed considering the whole life cycle of the solu-tions, using the SimaPro® software. It was concluded that, in a summarized way, the life cycle phases that show a larger contribu-tion, in terms of environmental impact, are the production and the maintenance stages of the system components. In terms of comparative analysis, the ventilated facade system with heat-treated timber cladding was the one that presented the highest environmental impact in al-most every category, while the system with the painted timber cladding was the one that showed better performance.
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Construção Sustentável Sistemas Construtivos Reabilitação de Fachadas de Edifícios Avaliação de Ciclo de Vida SimaPro