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Factores clínicos associados à serologia positiva ou autorreporte de teste PCR positivo para SARS-Cov-2 na população de Cascais
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Introdução: Depois da sua descoberta na China em 2019, o vírus SARS-CoV-2 causa desde 2020 uma pandemia global, sendo que Portugal não é exceção. Com o aumento rápido e exponencial do número de infetados, houve um incremento no número de doentes internados e de mortes cuja causa do óbito se deve à COVID-19. Nesta perspetiva, a Câmara Municipal de Cascais, em parceria com diversas entidades, desenvolveu um estudo de seroprevalência relativo a anticorpos contra o vírus SARS- CoV-2 na população residente do concelho, monitorizando assim aspetos fundamentais para a perceção da evolução da epidemia no concelho. Objetivo: Descrever a potencial associação entre a sintomatologia autorreportada e o resultado dos testes laboratoriais realizados para o diagnóstico da infeção e para deteção de anticorpos específicos contra o vírus SARS-CoV-2, através da análise dos resultados do inquérito serológico realizado na população de Cascais. Metodologia: Estudo observacional e analítico, do tipo transversal. Com o intuito de analisar a provável associação entre o resultado do teste RT- PCR autorreportado, resultado do teste serológico e as variáveis independentes, procedeu- se à realização do teste qui-quadrado. Para caraterizar a provável associação entre resultado dos testes serológicos, resultado do teste RT-PCR e as variáveis independentes, realizou-se não só a regressão logística bivariada no sentido de calcular os odds ratio brutos como também a regressão logística multivariada com o objetivo de calcular os odds ratio ajustados às restantes variáveis. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 19235 participantes. Ser do sexo masculino, contactar com pessoas que tiveram COVID-19, ter perda de paladar ou cheiro e falta de apetite foram os principais fatores associados a um resultado reativo para o teste serológico e para resultado positivo no teste PCR. Relativamente ao grupo etário, ser-se mais velho traduziu-se como estando associado a menor reatividade ou positividade do teste serológico e teste PCR, respetivamente. O auto reporte de diabetes foi identificado como estando associado a reatividade no teste serológico. Conclusão: Neste estudo foram identificados fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos associados ao resultado dos testes laboratoriais para pesquisa do vírus SARS-CoV-2 e para a pesquisa de anticorpos a SARS-CoV-2 na população de Cascais. Estes resultados são importantes para a caracterização da doença e para a identificação de fatores de risco para a infeção por SARS-CoV-2.
Introduction: After its discovery in China in 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been causing a global pandemic since 2020, and Portugal is no exception. With the fast and exponential increase in the number of people infected, there has been an increase in the number of hospitalised patients and deaths due to COVID-19. Under these circumstances, Cascais City Hall, in partnership with various entities, put in place amongst its resident population a seroprevalence study of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus to monitor key aspects aiming to have a clear perception of the evolution of the epidemic in the municipality. Objective: To gather and analyse the results of the serological survey on the residents of the municipality, to describe the potential association between self-reported symptoms and the laboratory tests results performed to diagnose the infection and detect specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 virus. Methodology: Observational and analytical cross-sectional study. The potential associations between self-reported RT-PCR test results, serological test results and independent variables were analysed with Chi-square tests. Bivariate logistic regression was used to calculate the crude odds ratio and multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio adjusted to the remaining variables. Results: 19235 participants were included in the study. The main factors associated with a reactive serological test result and a positive PCR test result are being male, having had contact with people infected with COVID-19, having had loss of taste or smell and lack of appetite. Regarding the age group, the elderly had lower reactivity and positivity of the serological test and PCR test, respectively. Also, those that self-reported diabetes showed lower serological test reactivity. Conclusion: In this study, sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with the results of laboratory tests for detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus and antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were identified in the population of Cascais. These results are important for the characterization of the disease and for the identification of risk factors for infection with SARS-CoV-2.
Introduction: After its discovery in China in 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been causing a global pandemic since 2020, and Portugal is no exception. With the fast and exponential increase in the number of people infected, there has been an increase in the number of hospitalised patients and deaths due to COVID-19. Under these circumstances, Cascais City Hall, in partnership with various entities, put in place amongst its resident population a seroprevalence study of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus to monitor key aspects aiming to have a clear perception of the evolution of the epidemic in the municipality. Objective: To gather and analyse the results of the serological survey on the residents of the municipality, to describe the potential association between self-reported symptoms and the laboratory tests results performed to diagnose the infection and detect specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 virus. Methodology: Observational and analytical cross-sectional study. The potential associations between self-reported RT-PCR test results, serological test results and independent variables were analysed with Chi-square tests. Bivariate logistic regression was used to calculate the crude odds ratio and multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio adjusted to the remaining variables. Results: 19235 participants were included in the study. The main factors associated with a reactive serological test result and a positive PCR test result are being male, having had contact with people infected with COVID-19, having had loss of taste or smell and lack of appetite. Regarding the age group, the elderly had lower reactivity and positivity of the serological test and PCR test, respectively. Also, those that self-reported diabetes showed lower serological test reactivity. Conclusion: In this study, sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with the results of laboratory tests for detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus and antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were identified in the population of Cascais. These results are important for the characterization of the disease and for the identification of risk factors for infection with SARS-CoV-2.
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Saúde pública Covid-19 Inquérito serológico PCR