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IMPACTO HÍDRICO-AMBIENTAL GERADO PELA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO REGIOTRAM DO OCIDENTE- Em Bogotá e a região da Savana - Colômbia
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extensão geográfica, plana e extensa, que caracteriza a Savana de Bogotá, vincula a capital com uma densa rede de populações tradicionais, formando uma grande área metropolitana. Nessa circunstância, o transporte coletivo assume uma necessidade premente, que urge resolver no curto prazo com eficiência e equidade. Neste contexto surgiu a proposta de recuperar os trilhos abandonados de antigas linhas ferroviárias para aí implantar um novo sistema, conciliando o transporte elétrico urbano e o comboio regional, oficialmente denominado RegioTram. Este sistema destina-se a resolver o elevado índice de mobilidade de passageiros que viajam diariamente, em viagens de ida e volta, entre Bogotá e os setores urbanizados de alguns dos municípios da Savana.
Nesta tese é considerada a relação, o impacto mutuamente exercido, entre as condições hídrico-ambientais e o ordenamento do território. Ao longo do seu desenvolvimento, foi dada prioridade à análise da faixa do terreno, urbana e rural, adjacente à linha, que será favorecida ou de algum modo afetada pelo funcionamento do sistema de transporte coletivo de passageiros RegioTram do Ocidente. A existência de “humedales”, riachos, chucuas e rios, são testemunho dos longos processos que concorreram na configuração geológica da Savana; Neles ocorrem igualmente fenómenos contingentes, como os ciclos de cheias sazonais, que afetam o balanço hídrico da planície e a vida da comunidade presente nesse setor da Savana.
A partir da consulta de elementos cartográficos, imagens digitais e informações oficiais, puderam ser comparados diversos dados e informações sobre o impacto do sistema hídrico-ambiental provocado pelo reaproveitamento do antigo corredor ferroviário. A revisão de informação restringiu-se à identificação e consulta de documentação fiável e verosímil. Foi naturalmente sondado o trajeto que deverá abraçar o futuro sistema de transporte com ênfase particular para os sítios onde estarão localizadas as estações, a maioria delas rurais, assim como os locais próprios para a manutenção técnica do sistema.
The geographic scope, flat and extensive, that characterizes the Sabana de Bogotá, links the city with a dense network of traditional conurbation populations. In this circumstance, mass transportation is a pressing need, which must be solved in the short term, with efficiency and equity. In this environment the proposal arose to recover the abandoned trails of the old train lines to implement a new system there, merging the urban tram and the regional train, officially named RegioTram. This system will be dedicated to solving the high rate of passenger mobility, who travel daily, in round trips, between the city and the urbanized sectors located in some of the municipalities of the Sabana. This thesis considers the relationship between the water-environmental conditions and the planning of the territory. In its development, priority was given to the analysis of the strip of land, urban and rural, adjacent to the line, benefited and affected by the operation of the Western RegioTram mass passenger transport system. The existence of wetlands, streams, swamps and rivers are testimony of the long-lasting processes in the geological conformation of the Sabana; in them, contingent phenomena also occur with cycles of seasonal and periodic floods, which overflow and affect the water balance of the plain and the life of the community settled in that sector of the Sabana. From the study of cartographies, digital images and official information, data and information on the impact of the environmental water system caused by the reuse of the old railway corridor were contrasted. The information review was restricted to locating reliable and credible documentation. Specific research was conducted into the route of the system and the areas where stations will be installed, some urban, most rural, and the yards and sites of technical management of the system.
The geographic scope, flat and extensive, that characterizes the Sabana de Bogotá, links the city with a dense network of traditional conurbation populations. In this circumstance, mass transportation is a pressing need, which must be solved in the short term, with efficiency and equity. In this environment the proposal arose to recover the abandoned trails of the old train lines to implement a new system there, merging the urban tram and the regional train, officially named RegioTram. This system will be dedicated to solving the high rate of passenger mobility, who travel daily, in round trips, between the city and the urbanized sectors located in some of the municipalities of the Sabana. This thesis considers the relationship between the water-environmental conditions and the planning of the territory. In its development, priority was given to the analysis of the strip of land, urban and rural, adjacent to the line, benefited and affected by the operation of the Western RegioTram mass passenger transport system. The existence of wetlands, streams, swamps and rivers are testimony of the long-lasting processes in the geological conformation of the Sabana; in them, contingent phenomena also occur with cycles of seasonal and periodic floods, which overflow and affect the water balance of the plain and the life of the community settled in that sector of the Sabana. From the study of cartographies, digital images and official information, data and information on the impact of the environmental water system caused by the reuse of the old railway corridor were contrasted. The information review was restricted to locating reliable and credible documentation. Specific research was conducted into the route of the system and the areas where stations will be installed, some urban, most rural, and the yards and sites of technical management of the system.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Planejamento do território transporte massivo condições hidro ambientais RegioTram Savana de Bogotá