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Instrumentação para diagnóstico de asma e doenças respiratórias em crianças através da análise de ar exalado
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A asma é, atualmente, a doença respiratória com maior prevalência no mundo e a
doença crónica mais comum em crianças. Prevê-se que em 2025 surjam mais 100 milhões
de pessoas com esta doença. A fração de óxido nítrico exalada (FeNO) é um biomarcador
não-invasivo da inflamação das vias aéreas, que pode ser utilizado para diagnóstico e
controlo da asma, em diversas situações. Com o objetivo de concentrar num só disposi-
tivo a medição do perfil de compostos orgânicos voláteis (COVs) e da FeNO, projetou-se a
adição de um sensor de óxido nítrico (NO) ao dispositivo BreathCollect desenvolvido para
recolha seletiva de ar exalado (patente internacional conjunta da FCT UNL e a empresa
NMT, S.A., WO2018047058 / EP17787616.6 de 05.09.2017). A fase de instrumentação
consistiu no desenvolvimento de um protótipo de um sistema de deteção de NO, baseado
num sensor piroelétrico de infravermelhos que permitirá medir a concentração de NO
numa amostra de ar, em tempo real. Foi projetado, conceptualmente, um protótipo do
controlo do sistema de deteção de NO e da sua respetiva implementação no BreathCollect.
A fase de desenvolvimento de software consistiu na criação de uma interface destinada es-
pecialmente a crianças em idade pré-escolar, de forma a facilitar a aquisição de amostras
de ar exalado. A partir de duas opções para a interface, foram realizados testes para averi-
guar a sua aceitação num grupo de crianças entre os 2 e os 5 anos, tendo-se implementado
a interface que apresentou maior preferência.
Asthma is, nowadays, the most prevalent respiratory disease in the world, as well as the most common disease in children. It has been predicted that by 2025 another 100 million people will be affected by asthma. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a non-invasive biomarker of airway inflammation that can be used to diagnose and control asthma in several situations. With the goal of achieving, in a single device, the measurement of the profile of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and the FeNO, a solution was designed to add a nitric oxide (NO) sensor to the BreathCollect device, developed for selective sampling of exhaled breath (international patent by NOVA-SST and NMT, S.A., WO2018047058 / EP17787616.6 of 05.09.2017). The instrumentation part consisted on the development of a prototype of a NO detection system based on a pyroelectric infrared gas sensor, that allows to measure the concentration of NO in an air sample, in real time. It has been conceptually projected a prototype of the control of the NO detection system and its respective implementation in BreathCollect. The software development phase consisted of creating an interface specially designed for preschool children, in order to facilitate the acquisition of exhaled breath samples. Starting from two options for the interface, tests were conducted on a group of children with ages between 2 and 5 years old, to verify the acceptance of the interface, having implemented the most preferred interface.
Asthma is, nowadays, the most prevalent respiratory disease in the world, as well as the most common disease in children. It has been predicted that by 2025 another 100 million people will be affected by asthma. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a non-invasive biomarker of airway inflammation that can be used to diagnose and control asthma in several situations. With the goal of achieving, in a single device, the measurement of the profile of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and the FeNO, a solution was designed to add a nitric oxide (NO) sensor to the BreathCollect device, developed for selective sampling of exhaled breath (international patent by NOVA-SST and NMT, S.A., WO2018047058 / EP17787616.6 of 05.09.2017). The instrumentation part consisted on the development of a prototype of a NO detection system based on a pyroelectric infrared gas sensor, that allows to measure the concentration of NO in an air sample, in real time. It has been conceptually projected a prototype of the control of the NO detection system and its respective implementation in BreathCollect. The software development phase consisted of creating an interface specially designed for preschool children, in order to facilitate the acquisition of exhaled breath samples. Starting from two options for the interface, tests were conducted on a group of children with ages between 2 and 5 years old, to verify the acceptance of the interface, having implemented the most preferred interface.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Asma sensor de óxido nítrico protótipo interface crianças