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Observar o espaço público: ferramentas transdisciplinares de análise das sociabilidades e espacialidades urbanas (Escadinhas da Saúde, Lisboa)
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O estudo do espaço público está vinculado a uma grande variedade e complexidade de definições e categorizações. Historicamente, a partir das problemáticas associadas ao desempenho destes espaços, têm resultado múltiplas práticas de observação e análise espacial e social - tendo este último aspecto, no domínio do planejamento urbano, um foco reduzido até o séc.XX - meados da década de 60. Após o movimento moderno, consolidou-se o espaço público conceptualmente e, com isso, o debate do aspecto da vida pública. Este trabalho teve como meios principais a análise multidisciplinar da vida pública e da espacialidade urbana, através da utilização de técnicas vinculadas à observação e vivência do espaço. Lisboa é caracterizada por seus grandes declives e bairros milenares. A presença de estruturas que facilitam as deslocações, como as escadas, ascensores e elevadores, são recorrentes. As Escadinhas da Saúde e suas envolventes são reconhecidas como um espaço público de deslocação entre os maiores pontos turísticos e de confluência social no centro de Lisboa e foram alvo de estudo neste trabalho. Algumas técnicas de observação e análise do espaço público foram aplicadas nas Escadinhas da Saúde, a partir de mapeamentos, contagens, diário de campo e registros fotográficos. Além destas aplicações, a intervenção temporária - inserção de bancos nos degraus - veio a somar resultados referentes acerca da vida pública. A utilização destas técnicas e a elaboração de dados em campo integraram questões tangíveis e intangíveis sobre o espaço, possibilitando concluir que as Escadinhas da Saúde e suas espacialidades geram também espaços de permanência, contemplação, encontros e interação entre estranhos. As Escadinhas da Saúde compreendem também uma identidade enquanto “Fourth Place” - instrumento interativo, que desperta a troca e a interação social.
The study of public space is linked to a great variety and complexity of definitions and categorizations. Historically, from the problems associated with the public space, multiple practices of observation and analysis of these spaces have resulted. In the domain of urban planning, the investigation of the aspect of public life had a reduced focus until the 20th century - until the mid-1960s. After the modern movement, the public space was conceptually consolidated and, with it, the debate on the aspect of public life. This work had as its main means the multidisciplinary analysis of public life and urban spatiality, through the use of techniques linked to the observation and experience of space. Lisbon is characterized by its steep slopes and millenary neighborhoods. The presence of structures that facilitate movement, such as stairs, elevators and elevators, are recurrent. The Escadinhas da Saúde and its surroundings are recognized as a public space for traveling between the biggest tourist spots and social confluence in the center of Lisbon and were the subject of study in this work. Some techniques of observation and analysis of the public space were applied in Escadinhas da Saúde, based on mappings, counts, field diaries and photographic records. In addition to these applications, the temporary intervention - insertion of benches on the steps - came to add results concerning public life. The use of these techniques and the preparation of data in the field integrated tangible and intangible questions about the space, making it possible to conclude that the Escadinhas da Saúde and its spatialities also generate spaces for permanence, contemplation, encounters and interaction between strangers. The Escadinhas da Saúde also comprises an identity as a “Fourth Place” - an interactive instrument that awakens exchange and social interaction.
The study of public space is linked to a great variety and complexity of definitions and categorizations. Historically, from the problems associated with the public space, multiple practices of observation and analysis of these spaces have resulted. In the domain of urban planning, the investigation of the aspect of public life had a reduced focus until the 20th century - until the mid-1960s. After the modern movement, the public space was conceptually consolidated and, with it, the debate on the aspect of public life. This work had as its main means the multidisciplinary analysis of public life and urban spatiality, through the use of techniques linked to the observation and experience of space. Lisbon is characterized by its steep slopes and millenary neighborhoods. The presence of structures that facilitate movement, such as stairs, elevators and elevators, are recurrent. The Escadinhas da Saúde and its surroundings are recognized as a public space for traveling between the biggest tourist spots and social confluence in the center of Lisbon and were the subject of study in this work. Some techniques of observation and analysis of the public space were applied in Escadinhas da Saúde, based on mappings, counts, field diaries and photographic records. In addition to these applications, the temporary intervention - insertion of benches on the steps - came to add results concerning public life. The use of these techniques and the preparation of data in the field integrated tangible and intangible questions about the space, making it possible to conclude that the Escadinhas da Saúde and its spatialities also generate spaces for permanence, contemplation, encounters and interaction between strangers. The Escadinhas da Saúde also comprises an identity as a “Fourth Place” - an interactive instrument that awakens exchange and social interaction.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Lisboa Espaço público Escadinhas da Saúde Técnicas de Observação Diagnóstico Urbano Vida Pública Interações Sociais Espacialidade Urbana Public Space Observation Techniques Urban Diagnosis Public Life Social Interactions Urban Spatiality