A carregar...
Publicação
Gestão do risco geotécnico num túnel de drenagem sob Lisboa
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.62 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O espaço subterrâneo tem vindo a ser cada vez mais utilizado para construir as mais diversas
estruturas e infraestruturas. As obras subterrâneas, nomeadamente a construção de túneis,
impõem diversos riscos, direta ou indiretamente, a todos os envolvidos no projeto. Sendo, os
túneis estruturas lineares que podem atingir extensões elevadas, a interceção de meios heterogéneos,
com condições geológicas, hidrogeológicas e geotécnicas distintas, e o conhecimento reduzido
destas, aumenta o risco inerente a este tipo de obras, sendo que este reconhecimento geológico-
geotécnico reduzido pode ser colmatado pela realização de estudos geológicos. As principais
consequências dos perigos ocorrentes em túneis são a segurança das pessoas e a própria estabilidade
da estrutura, podendo originar atrasos e derrapagens financeiras.
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo principal desenvolver uma gestão dos riscos geotécnicos
durante a fase construtiva de túneis hidráulicos em meio urbano, a partir da consulta de
trabalhos já realizados, de procedimentos adotados, e de um caso de estudo selecionado, integrando
tudo numa metodologia para gerir os riscos geotécnicos.
A metodologia adotada engloba a deteção e identificação dos riscos geotécnicos, sendo
aplicada uma análise e avaliação dos riscos para que seja possível verificar a ocorrência destes
riscos e o seu impacte na obra onde, na maioria dos casos, se verifica que são considerados intoleráveis
ou no limite da aceitabilidade. Neste contexto e para controlar estas tipologias de risco,
apresentam-se medidas eliminatórias e, caso elas não sejam viáveis, medidas mitigadoras.
A gestão dos riscos é aplicada em seguida a um caso de estudo, um túnel de drenagem
em Lisboa, durante a fase construtiva. Esta metodologia permite a identificação dos perigos geotécnicos
potenciais, isto é, os inerentes aos parâmetros geológicos, hidrogeológicos e geotécnicos, associados às atividades de construção, bem como a análise qualitativa dos mesmos. Resultando
na implementação de medidas que permitam eliminar o risco ou mitigá-lo.
Este estudo pretende dar uma perspetiva da importância da gestão dos riscos geotécnicos,
impostos pelas condições do terreno, bem como os procedimentos a serem tomados para a sua
implementação, contribuindo para dar uma maior segurança a todos envolvidos na obra e o aumento
da sua produtividade, o que se traduz numa redução dos custos e dos respetivos prazos de
construção.
Underground space has been increasingly used for the most diverse structures and infrastructures. Underground works, namely the construction of tunnels, impose several risks, directly or indirectly, on everyone involved in the project. Since tunnels are linear structures, which can reach large extensions, the interception of heterogeneous environment, with different geological, hydrogeological and geotechnical conditions, and their reduced knowledge, increases the risk inherent in this type of civil engineering work, this reduced knowledge can be filled by carrying out geological studies. The main consequences of risks occurring in tunnels are the safety of people, the very stability of the structure, which can lead to financial delays and slippages. This dissertation has as key goal the implementation of a geotechnical risk management for tunnelling, based on the literature, the procedures carried out, and a selected case study, integrating everything in a risk management methodology. As usual, the risk management embraces the detection and identification of the geotechnical risks, their analysis and assessment, so that it is possible to verify their occurrence and their impact on the construction work; in most cases, it turns out that they are considered intolerable or at the limit of tolerability. In this context, and aiming to control these risk types, elimination measures, and if they are not feasible, mitigating measures are presented. The risk management is then applied to a case study, a drainage tunnelling in Lisbon. The methodology allows the identification of potential geotechnical hazards, that is, the ones related with the inherent geological, hydrogeological and geotechnical features, associated with the construction activities, as well as their qualitative analysis. This results in the implementation of measures that allow the risks to be eliminated or mitigated.This study intends to give a perspective on the significance of the geotechnical risk management, imposed by the ground conditions, as well as the procedures to be carried out for its implementation, to improve the overall safety and to increase the productivity, which translates into reduction of costs and on the accomplishment of the construction deadline.
Underground space has been increasingly used for the most diverse structures and infrastructures. Underground works, namely the construction of tunnels, impose several risks, directly or indirectly, on everyone involved in the project. Since tunnels are linear structures, which can reach large extensions, the interception of heterogeneous environment, with different geological, hydrogeological and geotechnical conditions, and their reduced knowledge, increases the risk inherent in this type of civil engineering work, this reduced knowledge can be filled by carrying out geological studies. The main consequences of risks occurring in tunnels are the safety of people, the very stability of the structure, which can lead to financial delays and slippages. This dissertation has as key goal the implementation of a geotechnical risk management for tunnelling, based on the literature, the procedures carried out, and a selected case study, integrating everything in a risk management methodology. As usual, the risk management embraces the detection and identification of the geotechnical risks, their analysis and assessment, so that it is possible to verify their occurrence and their impact on the construction work; in most cases, it turns out that they are considered intolerable or at the limit of tolerability. In this context, and aiming to control these risk types, elimination measures, and if they are not feasible, mitigating measures are presented. The risk management is then applied to a case study, a drainage tunnelling in Lisbon. The methodology allows the identification of potential geotechnical hazards, that is, the ones related with the inherent geological, hydrogeological and geotechnical features, associated with the construction activities, as well as their qualitative analysis. This results in the implementation of measures that allow the risks to be eliminated or mitigated.This study intends to give a perspective on the significance of the geotechnical risk management, imposed by the ground conditions, as well as the procedures to be carried out for its implementation, to improve the overall safety and to increase the productivity, which translates into reduction of costs and on the accomplishment of the construction deadline.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Gestão do risco Risco geotécnico Túnel urbano Fase construtiva