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Fragmentação territorial em conurbações metropolitanas – resolução de incongruências urbanas em áreas de fronteira do concelho de Oeiras
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O rápido e intenso crescimento urbano que ocorreu em Portugal nas últimas cinco décadas originou múltiplos problemas de ordenamento no território. A competição entre concelhos adjacentes e as debilidades administrativas que se constatam na gestão das Áreas Metropolitanas de Lisboa e do Porto, têm sido elementos catalisadores de políticas urbanas pouco estruturantes ao nível intermunicipal e metropolitano. Esta situação observa-se de uma forma acentuada em processos espaciais de conurbação, na ligação de espaços residuais interconcelhios concebidos isoladamente.
Tendencialmente, os aglomerados urbanos registaram uma expansão fragmentada, desarticulada e casuística, e este fenómeno tem alastrado com o crescimento das cidades e das regiões urbanas localizadas ao longo do litoral Português. Revela-se, no entanto, que o desenvolvimento assimétrico e incongruente do território apresenta maior intensidade em núcleos de fronteira com administrações municipais distintas. O crescimento incoerente de áreas intersticiais, que resultam na fragmentação e descontinuidade do tecido urbano, tem criado problemas de ordenamento com consequências diretas para a mobilidade, permeabilidade do espaço público, ambiente, economia e gestão de recursos públicos e privados.
Desta forma, são necessárias estratégias que promovam o equilíbrio e a coerência dos espaços intersticiais entre áreas administrativas diferenciadas num contexto da cidade metropolitana.
Nesta dissertação são estudados processos de conurbação da Área Metropolitana de Lisboa através de um enfoque nas questões de coesão territorial em áreas de transição e de fronteiras interconcelhias. O caso de estudo está centrado em espaços de ligação na fronteira do concelho de Oeiras com os concelhos adjacentes de Cascais, Sintra, Amadora e Lisboa. Após a análise e o diagnóstico das disfunções que afetam cada uma das áreas identificadas, são apresentados contributos para a sua requalificação urbana e para uma melhor articulação e valorização do espaço urbano intermunicipal / metropolitano.
The fast and deep urban growth that occurred in Portugal in the last five decades caused multiple problems regarding the land management and land-use planning. The administrative frailties that exists in the management of the metropolitan areas of Lisbon and Porto, as well as the competition between neighboring municipalities, has stimulated poorly structured policies at a metropolitan and interurban level. This situation is exacerbated in conurbation processes, in the connection of intermunicipal residual spaces that were developed apart. The urban agglomerations spread, mainly, through a fragmented expansion and this phenomenon has been increasing with the growth of the cities and regions located along the Portuguese littoral areas. The uneven and irrational territorial development reveals itself extremely in certain border counties with detached municipalities’ administrations. The inconsistent development of the interstitial areas, that result in fragmentation and discontinuance of the urban tissue, has created problems in terms with the planning and land management with direct consequences towards mobility, public space permeability, environment, economics and public and private resources. Thus, strategies that promote both the balance and consistency of spaces between administrative differentiated metropolitan areas in the city context are needed. In this dissertation processes of conurbation of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area are studied through a focus on problems in transition areas and inter-county boundaries. The case study is centered on connecting spaces on the border of the Municipality of Oeiras with the adjacent counties of Cascais, Sintra, Amadora and Lisbon. After the analysis and diagnoses of each of the identified areas, proposals are presented for its requalification and for the promotion of better juncture of the intermunicipal / metropolitan urban space.
The fast and deep urban growth that occurred in Portugal in the last five decades caused multiple problems regarding the land management and land-use planning. The administrative frailties that exists in the management of the metropolitan areas of Lisbon and Porto, as well as the competition between neighboring municipalities, has stimulated poorly structured policies at a metropolitan and interurban level. This situation is exacerbated in conurbation processes, in the connection of intermunicipal residual spaces that were developed apart. The urban agglomerations spread, mainly, through a fragmented expansion and this phenomenon has been increasing with the growth of the cities and regions located along the Portuguese littoral areas. The uneven and irrational territorial development reveals itself extremely in certain border counties with detached municipalities’ administrations. The inconsistent development of the interstitial areas, that result in fragmentation and discontinuance of the urban tissue, has created problems in terms with the planning and land management with direct consequences towards mobility, public space permeability, environment, economics and public and private resources. Thus, strategies that promote both the balance and consistency of spaces between administrative differentiated metropolitan areas in the city context are needed. In this dissertation processes of conurbation of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area are studied through a focus on problems in transition areas and inter-county boundaries. The case study is centered on connecting spaces on the border of the Municipality of Oeiras with the adjacent counties of Cascais, Sintra, Amadora and Lisbon. After the analysis and diagnoses of each of the identified areas, proposals are presented for its requalification and for the promotion of better juncture of the intermunicipal / metropolitan urban space.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fragmentação urbana conurbações metropolitanas governança intermunicipal colmatação urbana Município de Oeiras