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Impressão 3D de suportes para bobinas supercondutoras produzidos em vários materiais
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Resumo(s)
Nomundo da atualidade existe uma exponencial procura e necessidade de uma produção
de protótipos, moldes e ferramentas cada vez mais personalizada. Com a descoberta
da tecnologia de impressão 3D advieram muitas facilidades para muitas indústrias e
surgiram novos desafios para a ciência e engenharia.
Esta dissertação procura contribuir para otimizar os moldes usados para suportar uma
bobina supercondutora. Os moldes são habitualmente manufaturados subtrativamente,
sendo mais dispendioso e demorado de se obter. A manufatura subtrativa acarreta também
desperdícios de material, provenientes da produção dos moldes. De modo a colaborar
com Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), no projeto ’T Loss’, os moldes necessitam
de apresentar certas caraterísticas de resistência térmica e mecânica, em condições criogénicas.
Desta forma foi feita uma pesquisa prévia de materiais que fossem passíveis de
serem impressos e que suportassem uma temperatura de -196,15 . Esta temperatura é
um dos parâmetros que permite que a fita supercondutora de alta temperatura (SAT) de
segunda geração (2ªG), atinja o estado de supercondutividade. Realizaram-se os ensaios
laboratoriais para vários moldes de teste, até se atingir uma configuração de impressão
ideal e uma posterior otimização estrutural.
O suporte prototipado mostrou-se equivalente ao suporte utilizado, relativamente
à sua resistência térmica e mecânica, com destaque para a facilidade de produção de
moldes através deste tipo de materiais, que por sua vez são de fácil acesso.
Apresenta-se também uma secção com simulações que ajudaram a extrapolar valores
de pressão correspondente aos resultados obtidos. O mesmo software utilizado na simulação
auxiliou na construção dos moldes em computador e na otimização geométrica dos
mesmos.
In today’s world there is an exponential demand and need for the production of prototypes, molds and tools that are increasingly personalized. With the discovery of 3D printing technology, many facilities for many industries have come about and new challenges have arisen for science and engineering. This dissertation seeks to contribute to optimize the molds used to support a superconducting coil. Molds are usually manufactured subtractively, being more expensive and time-consuming to obtain. Subtractive manufacturing also causes waste of material from the production of molds. In order to collaborate with the Faculty of Science and Technology (FCT), in the ’T Loss’ project, the molds need to present certain characteristics of thermal and mechanical resistance, under cryogenic conditions. In this way, a previous search was made for materials that could be printed and that could withstand a temperature of -196.15 . This temperature is one of the parameters that allows the second generation (2G) high temperature superconducting tape (SAT) to reach the superconductivity state. Laboratory tests were carried out for several test molds, until an ideal printing configuration and subsequent structural optimization were achieved. The prototyped support proved to be equivalent to the support used, regarding its thermal and mechanical resistance, with emphasis on the ease of producing molds using this type of materials, which in turn are easily accessible. There is also a section with simulations that helped to extrapolate pressure values corresponding to the results obtained. The same software used in the simulation helped in the construction of computer molds and their geometric optimization.
In today’s world there is an exponential demand and need for the production of prototypes, molds and tools that are increasingly personalized. With the discovery of 3D printing technology, many facilities for many industries have come about and new challenges have arisen for science and engineering. This dissertation seeks to contribute to optimize the molds used to support a superconducting coil. Molds are usually manufactured subtractively, being more expensive and time-consuming to obtain. Subtractive manufacturing also causes waste of material from the production of molds. In order to collaborate with the Faculty of Science and Technology (FCT), in the ’T Loss’ project, the molds need to present certain characteristics of thermal and mechanical resistance, under cryogenic conditions. In this way, a previous search was made for materials that could be printed and that could withstand a temperature of -196.15 . This temperature is one of the parameters that allows the second generation (2G) high temperature superconducting tape (SAT) to reach the superconductivity state. Laboratory tests were carried out for several test molds, until an ideal printing configuration and subsequent structural optimization were achieved. The prototyped support proved to be equivalent to the support used, regarding its thermal and mechanical resistance, with emphasis on the ease of producing molds using this type of materials, which in turn are easily accessible. There is also a section with simulations that helped to extrapolate pressure values corresponding to the results obtained. The same software used in the simulation helped in the construction of computer molds and their geometric optimization.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Manufatura aditiva Impressão 3D Ácido polilático (PLA) Acrilonitrila-butadienoestireno (ABS) Tereftalato de polietileno modificado com glicol (PETG) Materiais Criogénicos