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Desenvolvimento de testes automatizados para frontend
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A qualidade dos sistemas de software é uma exigência nos dias de hoje. Assim, a fase de
testes representa, cada vez mais, um papel importante no desenvolvimento ou melhora mento de um projeto. A fase de testes é uma área de estudo que tem crescido significati vamente nos últimos tempos, em especial a sua automatização.
Na Thales surgiu a necessidade de planear uma estratégia de forma a automatizar
validações para o frontend de um dos seus produtos, o APIS 8. A constante necessidade de
garantir a sua qualidade, devido à utilização diária por inúmeros clientes a nível mundial,
leva à exigência de um suporte contínuo do sistema. A criação de testes procura evitar a
regressão do sistema, permitindo um desenvolvimento contínuo do produto, beneficiando
de um feedback mais rápido da qualidade e consequente deteção de erros.
A presente tese propõe o desenvolvimento de casos de teste automatizados para fron tend com base na documentação já existente do APIS 8 e por conseguinte, uma reformu lação desta documentação para uma linguagem de fácil interpretação universal. A sua
escrita vai beneficiar da sintaxe Gherkin, permitindo implementar elementos da metodo logia BDD. Serão ainda adotadas duas técnicas de geração de casos de teste, Cause-Effect
Graphing e Decision Table Testing. Estas visam combater a falta de uma metodologia na
criação dos mesmos, contribuindo para uma maior qualidade do software produzido.
Com a aplicação das técnicas foi possível gerar novos casos de teste que aumentam a
cobertura dos mesmos. A automatização dos testes e a consequente análise dos tempos
de execução manual e automatizada permitiu concluir que esta é uma opção viável para
garantir que falhas no sistema são detetadas rapidamente.
A área da automatização é uma que ainda não ganhou o destaque que realmente
necessita, uma vez que os resultados comprovam que é um bom investimento devido
à rapidez com que os testes são executados. Adicionalmente, a aplicação de técnicas
de geração de casos de teste é algo que ainda não se encontra diretamente associado
à automatização, no entanto, este é um passo crucial para criar uma bateria de testes
relevante. Esta tese demonstra que existem benefícios ao investir na automatização, sendo
um deles a libertação dos trabalhadores que executam de forma repetitiva testes manuais,
permitindo que estes alcancem o seu potencial e desenvolvam novas e revolucionárias
funcionalidades.
The quality of software systems is a requirement these days, so the testing phase increasingly plays an important role in the development or improvement of a project. The testing phase is an area of study that has grown significantly in recent times, especially its automation. At Thales, the need arose to plan a strategy in order to automate validations for the frontend of one of its products, the APIS 8. The constant need to guarantee its quality due to the daily use by countless customers worldwide leads to the requirement for continuous support of the system. The creation of tests seeks to avoid the regression of the system, allowing a continuous development of the product, benefiting from a faster feedback of the quality and consequent error detection. The present thesis proposes the development of automated test cases for frontend based on the existing documentation of APIS 8 and therefore, a reformulation of this documentation into a language that is easy to interpret universally. The writing of the tests will benefit from the Gherkin syntax, allowing to implement the BDD methodology. Two techniques for generating test cases will also be adopted, Cause-Effect Graphing and Decision Table Testing. These aim to combat the lack of a methodology in their creation, contributing to a higher quality of the software produced. With the application of the techniques it was possible to generate new test cases that increase their coverage. The automation of the tests and the consequent analysis of the manual and automated execution times allowed us to conclude that this is a viable option to ensure that failures in the system are detected quickly. The automation area is one that has not yet gained the prominence it really needs, since the results prove that it is a good investment due to the speed with which the tests are performed. Additionally, the application of test case generation techniques is something that is not yet directly associated with automation, however, this is a crucial step in creating a relevant battery of tests. This thesis demonstrates that there are benefits to investing in automation, one of which is the liberation of workers who perform repetitive manual tests, allowing them to reach their potential and develop new and revolutionary features.
The quality of software systems is a requirement these days, so the testing phase increasingly plays an important role in the development or improvement of a project. The testing phase is an area of study that has grown significantly in recent times, especially its automation. At Thales, the need arose to plan a strategy in order to automate validations for the frontend of one of its products, the APIS 8. The constant need to guarantee its quality due to the daily use by countless customers worldwide leads to the requirement for continuous support of the system. The creation of tests seeks to avoid the regression of the system, allowing a continuous development of the product, benefiting from a faster feedback of the quality and consequent error detection. The present thesis proposes the development of automated test cases for frontend based on the existing documentation of APIS 8 and therefore, a reformulation of this documentation into a language that is easy to interpret universally. The writing of the tests will benefit from the Gherkin syntax, allowing to implement the BDD methodology. Two techniques for generating test cases will also be adopted, Cause-Effect Graphing and Decision Table Testing. These aim to combat the lack of a methodology in their creation, contributing to a higher quality of the software produced. With the application of the techniques it was possible to generate new test cases that increase their coverage. The automation of the tests and the consequent analysis of the manual and automated execution times allowed us to conclude that this is a viable option to ensure that failures in the system are detected quickly. The automation area is one that has not yet gained the prominence it really needs, since the results prove that it is a good investment due to the speed with which the tests are performed. Additionally, the application of test case generation techniques is something that is not yet directly associated with automation, however, this is a crucial step in creating a relevant battery of tests. This thesis demonstrates that there are benefits to investing in automation, one of which is the liberation of workers who perform repetitive manual tests, allowing them to reach their potential and develop new and revolutionary features.
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Palavras-chave
Automatização de testes Robot Framework casos de teste frontend keyword-driven testing Gherkin