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Metodologia de projecto de um semirreboque com estrado extensível
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Com este trabalho pretende-se, com recurso ao Solidworks e ao Ansys na
sua vertente Workbench, definir uma metodologia de projecto de um semirrebo que com estrado extensível.
Este tipo de semirreboque apresenta as vantagens de poder circular em con dições normais de trânsito, quando recolhido, e de poder transportar peças de
grande dimensão, quando estendido, embora nesse caso só possa circular como
transporte especial.
O vão do semirreboque estendido está limitado pela flecha máxima resul tante do carregamento. Uma forma de a reduzir consiste em aumentar a espes sura das chapas aplicadas na construção, o que tem como inconveniente o au mentar do peso da estrutura. Outra forma de reduzir a flecha resultante consiste
em projectar o semirreboque de modo que, quando descarregado, apresente uma
contra-flecha, isto é uma flecha em sentido contrário à produzida pelo carrega mento.
Nesta dissertação explica-se qual é o processo de optimização da espessura
das vigas, e do valor da contra-flecha, de forma a obter um veículo que tenha um
comprimento máximo superior aos actualmente fabricados no mercado nacional.
A metodologia empregue recorre à técnica das superfícies de resposta para esti mar a espessura das chapas e o valor da contra-flecha mais adequadas para o
comprimento total pretendido.
Espera-se com este trabalho fornecer informação que possa contribuir para
melhorar a competitividade da indústria nacional.
This work uses Solidworks and Ansys Workbench to define a project methodology for an extensible semi-trailer. This type of semi-trailer has the advantages of being able to move under normal traffic conditions, when retracted, and of being able to transport large parts when extended, although in this case it can only move as a special transport. The span of the extended semi-trailer is limited by the maximum deformation resulting from loading. One way to reduce it is to increase the thickness of the metal plates used in the construction, which has the inconvenience of increasing the weight of the structure. Another way to reduce the deformation is to project the semi-trailer in such a way that, when unloaded, it presents a camber, that is, a deformation in the opposite direction to that produced by the loading. This dissertation seeks to explain the optimization processes in the thickness of the beams and the value of the camber in order to obtain a vehicle that has a maximum length greater than those currently manufactured in the national market. The methodology used makes use of the response surface technique to estimate the thickness of the plates and the value of the camber most appropriate for the intended total length. This work is expected to give information that can contribute to improve the competitiveness of the national industry.
This work uses Solidworks and Ansys Workbench to define a project methodology for an extensible semi-trailer. This type of semi-trailer has the advantages of being able to move under normal traffic conditions, when retracted, and of being able to transport large parts when extended, although in this case it can only move as a special transport. The span of the extended semi-trailer is limited by the maximum deformation resulting from loading. One way to reduce it is to increase the thickness of the metal plates used in the construction, which has the inconvenience of increasing the weight of the structure. Another way to reduce the deformation is to project the semi-trailer in such a way that, when unloaded, it presents a camber, that is, a deformation in the opposite direction to that produced by the loading. This dissertation seeks to explain the optimization processes in the thickness of the beams and the value of the camber in order to obtain a vehicle that has a maximum length greater than those currently manufactured in the national market. The methodology used makes use of the response surface technique to estimate the thickness of the plates and the value of the camber most appropriate for the intended total length. This work is expected to give information that can contribute to improve the competitiveness of the national industry.
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Palavras-chave
contra-flecha superfície de resposta metodologia semirreboque estrado extensível