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Controlo Estatístico do Processo Aplicado a uma Indústria de Produção de Porta-Elétrodos
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
No contexto atual, as organizações procuram cada vez mais adotar a lógica do just in time
(JIT), isto é, produzir o que o cliente pretende, no momento certo, reduzindo o armazenamento de
matérias-primas, componentes, produtos em vias de fabrico e produtos finais, de modo a evitar
desperdícios e esforços financeiros desnecessários. Esta ótica JIT revolucionou o modo como é
planeada a produção, dado que para responder às novas exigências, as organizações passaram a
produzir um menor número de unidades de cada vez, surgindo neste contexto o termo denominado
de Pequena Produção ou Short Run.
Integrada nesta nova realidade surge a empresa SOPONTOS, uma empresa do ramo da
manufatura, que se dedica ao fabrico de porta-elétrodos para a soldadura por resistência. Esta
empresa tem como missão fornecer soluções que gerem benefícios aos seus clientes, e para tal,
procura constantemente melhorar a qualidade e eficiência da sua produção
O presente estudo visa implementar o Controlo Estatístico do Processo, na sua vertente
univariada e multivariada, na empresa SOPONTOS. Nesta empresa é possível distinguir dois tipos
de produção integradas do contexto de Short Run. Este contexto impossibilita a aplicação do
controlo estatístico de processos tradicional, pelo que é necessário recorrer a outras metodologias.
Uma parte da produção corresponde a um número reduzido de unidades, ocorrendo uma
nova produção ao fim de um tempo relativamente distante, onde são aplicadas, no estudo
univariado, cartas de controlo 𝑋 𝑒 𝑆 (Fase 1) e cartas 𝑍𝑋
𝑒 𝑊𝑆
(Fase 2), no estudo multivariado, é
implementada a carta T2
. Numa outra parte da produção é produzido um elevado número de peças,
embora a sua produção ocorra rapidamente em termos temporais, neste caso, no estudo univariado
são utilizadas cartas Q(X) e Q(MR) e na vertente multivariada cartas MQ(X).
Todo este estudo permite não só um maior controlo sobre o processo produtivo, analisando
a capacidade do mesmo, mas também averiguar as causas de uma eventual variabilidade a nível
dos processos e a implementação das respetivas ações corretivas. Pretende-se deste modo
contribuir para que a empresa melhore a qualidade dos seus produtos e para que reduza os custos
de produção associados essencialmente a não conformidades, de modo a que reafirme a sua
posição num mercado fortemente competitivo.
In the current context, the organizations are looking forward more and more to adopt the logic “just in time” (JIT), that is, produce what the client wants, when he wants, reducing the raw material storage, components, products in the making, along with final products, to avoid waste and unnecessary financial efforts. The JIT logic changed the way production is planned, since in order to answer the new requirements, the organizations had to start producing a smaller number of units at a time, making place to the term denominated as Short Run. Alongside this new reality, surfaces the company SOPONTOS, a company in the field of manufacturing, that dedicates itself to the fabrication of electrode holder for resistance welding. This company´s mission, consists in providing solutions that benefit their customers, and as such, is constantly seeking to improve its quality and efficiency. The present study aims to implement the Statistical Process Control, in its univariate and multivariate aspect, in the company SOPONTOS. In this company it is possible to distinguish two types of integrated production of Short Run context. This context makes impossible the application of statistical control of traditional processes, wich makes it necessary to resort to other methodologies. Part of the production corresponds to a small number of units, taking place a new production after a relatively distant time, where will be applied, in the univariate study, control charts X e S (Phase 1) and charts 𝑍𝑋 𝑒 𝑊𝑆 (Phase 2), in the multivariate study, will be implemented the T2 chart. In other part of the process, it is produced a high number of parts, although its production occurs rapidly in temporal terms, in this case, on the univariate study where implemented Q(x) and Q(MR) charts, and in the multivariate strand MQ(x) charts. This entire study allows not only a bigger control over a productive process, as it analyses its own capacity, but also verifies the causes of an eventual variability at the process level and the implementation of the respective corrective measures. This is intended to help the company improve the quality of its products and to reduce the production costs associated essentially with nonconformities, in order to reaffirm its position in a highly competitive market.
In the current context, the organizations are looking forward more and more to adopt the logic “just in time” (JIT), that is, produce what the client wants, when he wants, reducing the raw material storage, components, products in the making, along with final products, to avoid waste and unnecessary financial efforts. The JIT logic changed the way production is planned, since in order to answer the new requirements, the organizations had to start producing a smaller number of units at a time, making place to the term denominated as Short Run. Alongside this new reality, surfaces the company SOPONTOS, a company in the field of manufacturing, that dedicates itself to the fabrication of electrode holder for resistance welding. This company´s mission, consists in providing solutions that benefit their customers, and as such, is constantly seeking to improve its quality and efficiency. The present study aims to implement the Statistical Process Control, in its univariate and multivariate aspect, in the company SOPONTOS. In this company it is possible to distinguish two types of integrated production of Short Run context. This context makes impossible the application of statistical control of traditional processes, wich makes it necessary to resort to other methodologies. Part of the production corresponds to a small number of units, taking place a new production after a relatively distant time, where will be applied, in the univariate study, control charts X e S (Phase 1) and charts 𝑍𝑋 𝑒 𝑊𝑆 (Phase 2), in the multivariate study, will be implemented the T2 chart. In other part of the process, it is produced a high number of parts, although its production occurs rapidly in temporal terms, in this case, on the univariate study where implemented Q(x) and Q(MR) charts, and in the multivariate strand MQ(x) charts. This entire study allows not only a bigger control over a productive process, as it analyses its own capacity, but also verifies the causes of an eventual variability at the process level and the implementation of the respective corrective measures. This is intended to help the company improve the quality of its products and to reduce the production costs associated essentially with nonconformities, in order to reaffirm its position in a highly competitive market.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
JIT Short Run Controlo Estatístico do Processo Cartas de Controlo Controlo Multivariado do Processo Variabilidade