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Publicação
Fungal stains on paper
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Mitigation of fungal biodeterioration on paper documents and artworks represents a challenge to conservators worldwide. Numerous lists of fungal species have been identified from paper collections, but are those species responsible for the respective biodeterioration phenomena or just environmental contaminants? The present work was aimed at obtaining an association between specific fungal stains and causative fungal species. 23 stains from three paper documents were sampled. Fungal structures observed in situ with optical and scanning electron microscopy were compared with the identification of isolates by molecular biology tools. Correlation between the observed fungal structures and the identified fungal isolates was achieved, varying from 13% to 64% of the samples within the three studied documents. Grey/black and dark brown stains were associated with Chaetomium globosum, C. murorum, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. commune, Myxotrichum deflexum and Stachybotrys chartarum. Eurotium rubrum was isolated from a foxing stain and Penicillium citrinum was identified on light orange stains.
Descrição
This work was funded with national funds by FCT -Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, I. P., within the scope of CleanART research project (PTDC/EPH-PAT/0224/2014).
Nuno Mesquita was supported by POCH -Programa Operacional Capital Humano (co-funding by the European Social Fund and national funding by MCTES), with a post-doc research grant (SFRH/BPD/112830/2015).
The authors thank Sara Fragoso for offering the fungal stained print to this study.
Palavras-chave
DNA Fungal stains Identification of fungi Paper conservation SEM Conservation Museology