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Caracterização e avaliação psicossocial de diabéticos amputados do concelho do Porto : estudo observacional
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RESUMO - Introdução: O diabético com amputação do membro inferior é uma prioridade do sistema de saúde devido aos seus elevados custos e alta prevalência de comorbilidades e mortalidade. Pretende-se caracterizar e avaliar a qualidade de vida da população residente de diabéticos amputados no Concelho do Porto.
Métodos: Efetuou-se um estudo observacional através da aplicação de um questionário heteroadministrado, construído com base no Inquérito Nacional de Saúde, EU-SILC, HADS e WHOQOL-Bref. Analisaram-se os dados correspondentes a um grupo-estudo de 45 utentes entrevistados, sujeitos a amputação não traumática no período entre janeiro de 2013 e maio de 2015 num centro hospitalar do Porto.
Resultados: O perfil do diabético amputado no concelho é de uma idade média de 66,51 anos, homem (82,22%), amputado a primeira vez com 61,27 anos, sendo mais prevalente a amputação minor (57,80%), está sem ocupação devido à incapacidade associada à diabetes (55,56%), que vive numa habitação com presença de barreiras à mobilidade (84,44%), a retinopatia (68,90%) e a ansiedade crónica (47,50) são as doenças associadas mais prevalentes. A qualidade de vida destes utentes é menor a nível do domínio físico (𝑥̅=48,30 DP 13,55). A análise estatística de associação revelou que fatores como a presença de barreiras à mobilidade, perceção de dificuldades de acesso a cuidados de saúde, o apoio social e a idade mais tardia do diagnóstico de diabetes têm uma diferença com significado estatístico em termos de algumas dimensões de qualidade de vida e presença de ansiedade ou depressão clínica (p<0,05).
Conclusões: Este estudo sugere que há a necessidade de investir em estratégias que se foquem na melhoria da qualidade de vida, nomeadamente em termos de condições habitacionais e acompanhamento social dos utentes diabéticos amputados e se tenha de atuar sobre condicionantes ambientais e sociais, independentemente do tipo de amputação.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: The diabetic lower-limb amputee is a healthcare system priority, particularly the diabetic amputee, due to its high treatment costs and high morbidity and mortality rates. This study pretends to profile and evaluate the quality of life of the diabetic amputees who reside in Oporto. Methods: An observational study was conducted by applying a questionnaire with interview, developed by using as support the National Health Survey, EU-SILC, HADS and WHOQOL-Bref. Analysis was performed to the data obtained out of an interviewed study-group of 45 people, who suffered non-traumatic amputation, between january 2013 and may 2015, in a Oporto hospital. Results: The Diabetic amputee profile shows a mean age of 66,51 years, male (82,22%), amputated for the first time at an average of 61,27 years, amputation minor had the highest prevalence (57,80%), is unnocuppied due to disability associated with diabetes (55,56%), lives in a habitation with barriers to mobility (84,44%), retinopathy (68,90%) and chronic anxiety (47,50%) were the most prevalent diseases associated to diabetes. The study-group presented a lower quality of life at the physical domain (48,30 DP 13,55). Statistical association analysis revealed that factors like barriers to mobility, perception of difficult access to healthcare, social support and older age diagnosis of diabetes, have a statistical significant difference according to some quality of life dimensions and presence of clinical anxiety and/or depression (p<0,05). Conclusions: This study suggests that it is a priority to invest in strategies focused on quality of life improvement, namely in housing conditions and social support of diabetic amputees, and act over environmental and social determinants, no matter the type of amputation.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: The diabetic lower-limb amputee is a healthcare system priority, particularly the diabetic amputee, due to its high treatment costs and high morbidity and mortality rates. This study pretends to profile and evaluate the quality of life of the diabetic amputees who reside in Oporto. Methods: An observational study was conducted by applying a questionnaire with interview, developed by using as support the National Health Survey, EU-SILC, HADS and WHOQOL-Bref. Analysis was performed to the data obtained out of an interviewed study-group of 45 people, who suffered non-traumatic amputation, between january 2013 and may 2015, in a Oporto hospital. Results: The Diabetic amputee profile shows a mean age of 66,51 years, male (82,22%), amputated for the first time at an average of 61,27 years, amputation minor had the highest prevalence (57,80%), is unnocuppied due to disability associated with diabetes (55,56%), lives in a habitation with barriers to mobility (84,44%), retinopathy (68,90%) and chronic anxiety (47,50%) were the most prevalent diseases associated to diabetes. The study-group presented a lower quality of life at the physical domain (48,30 DP 13,55). Statistical association analysis revealed that factors like barriers to mobility, perception of difficult access to healthcare, social support and older age diagnosis of diabetes, have a statistical significant difference according to some quality of life dimensions and presence of clinical anxiety and/or depression (p<0,05). Conclusions: This study suggests that it is a priority to invest in strategies focused on quality of life improvement, namely in housing conditions and social support of diabetic amputees, and act over environmental and social determinants, no matter the type of amputation.
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Diabéticos Amputados Ansiedade Depressão Qualidade de Vida Saúde Pública Diabetic Amputee Anxiety Depression Quality of Life Public Health