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Avaliação de indicadores comportamentais de um circuito de recolha seletiva de biorresíduos no Município do Seixal
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Com a entrada em vigor do novo Regime Geral de Resíduos em 2020, os municípios
ficaram com a responsabilidade de operacionalizar a recolha seletiva de biorresíduos até 31 de
dezembro de 2023. Nesse mesmo ano, 55% da população do Município do Seixal aderiu à
recolha seletiva de biorresíduos. Esta dissertação, centrada na caraterização da população
abrangida pelo circuito de recolha seletiva de biorresíduos de Belverde, freguesia de Amora, teve
por objetivo a determinação de um conjunto de indicadores comportamentais da população
servida por este circuito, designadamente a taxa de participação ao serviço, as taxas de captura
de biorresíduos e contaminação existentes, a capitação e o potencial de recolha de biorresíduos
do circuito.
Em termos metodológicos, para atingir os objetivos propostos, fez-se o
acompanhamento, entre junho de 2024 e junho de 2025, das viaturas de recolha porta-a-porta
das frações de biorresíduos e resíduos indiferenciados. No seguimento desta abordagem foram
criados grupos de utilizadores, de acordo com a sua participação no serviço e realizadas
caraterizações físicas de amostras de biorresíduos e resíduos indiferenciados desses grupos,
com o intuito de responder aos objetivos propostos.
Os resultados obtidos permitiram identificar uma taxa de participação na recolha de
biorresíduos de 44%, em 2024. Determinou-se que 51% do contentor de biorresíduos são
resíduos verdes e 34% do contentor de resíduos indiferenciados é composto pelo conjunto de
resíduos alimentares e resíduos verdes. É também neste último que há maior percentagem de
resíduos alimentares, comparativamente ao fluxo de biorresíduos. Há taxas de captura de 30%
para os resíduos alimentares e 86% para os resíduos verdes. No que respeita aos
contaminantes, obteve-se um valor de 7% nas amostras de biorresíduos. A capitação deste
circuito é de 182 kg/(hab.ano), apresentando um potencial de biorresíduos de 1 778 kg/dia,
verificando-se que deste valor apenas está a ser capturado 22%.
Para finalizar, concluiu-se que é necessário sensibilizar e motivar a população para a
participação na recolha seletiva de biorresíduos, implementar uma fiscalização regular e criar
incentivos para a população participar no serviço. A informação transmitida à população deve
ser mais completa e constante, sendo também fundamental reforçar a implementação das
etiquetas eletrónicas nos contentores, como ferramenta de monitorização.
With the entry into force of the new General Waste Regime in 2020, municipalities were given the responsibility of operationalizing the selective collection of biowaste until December 31, 2023. In that same year, 55% of the population of the Municipality of Seixal joined the selective collection of biowaste. This dissertation, focused on the characterization of the population covered by the selective collection circuit of biowaste in Belverde, parish of Amora, aimed to determine a set of behavioral indicators of the population served by this circuit, namely the participation rate in the service, the existing biowaste capture and contamination rates, the per capita consumption and the biowaste collection potential of the circuit. In methodological terms, to achieve the proposed objectives, the door-to-door collection vehicles for bio-waste and unsorted waste fractions were monitored between June 2024 and June 2025. Following this approach, user groups were created according to their participation in the service, and physical characterizations of bio-waste and unsorted waste samples from these groups were carried out in order to meet the proposed objectives. The results obtained allowed us to identify a biowaste collection participation rate of 44% in 2024. It was determined that 51% of the biowaste container is green waste and 34% of the unsorted waste container is composed of food waste and green waste. The unsorted waste also has a higher percentage of food waste compared to the biowaste stream. Capture rates are 30% for food waste and 86% for green waste. Regarding contaminants, a value of 7% was obtained in the biowaste samples. The collection rate of this circuit is 182 kg/(inhabitant/year), presenting a potential for biowaste of 1 778 kg/day, although only 22% of this value is being captured. In conclusion, it was found that it is necessary to raise awareness and motivate the population to participate in the selective collection of biowaste, implement regular monitoring, and create incentives for the population to participate in the service. The information transmitted to the population must be more completed and consistent, and it is also essential to reinforce the implementation of electronic tags on containers, as a monitoring tool.
With the entry into force of the new General Waste Regime in 2020, municipalities were given the responsibility of operationalizing the selective collection of biowaste until December 31, 2023. In that same year, 55% of the population of the Municipality of Seixal joined the selective collection of biowaste. This dissertation, focused on the characterization of the population covered by the selective collection circuit of biowaste in Belverde, parish of Amora, aimed to determine a set of behavioral indicators of the population served by this circuit, namely the participation rate in the service, the existing biowaste capture and contamination rates, the per capita consumption and the biowaste collection potential of the circuit. In methodological terms, to achieve the proposed objectives, the door-to-door collection vehicles for bio-waste and unsorted waste fractions were monitored between June 2024 and June 2025. Following this approach, user groups were created according to their participation in the service, and physical characterizations of bio-waste and unsorted waste samples from these groups were carried out in order to meet the proposed objectives. The results obtained allowed us to identify a biowaste collection participation rate of 44% in 2024. It was determined that 51% of the biowaste container is green waste and 34% of the unsorted waste container is composed of food waste and green waste. The unsorted waste also has a higher percentage of food waste compared to the biowaste stream. Capture rates are 30% for food waste and 86% for green waste. Regarding contaminants, a value of 7% was obtained in the biowaste samples. The collection rate of this circuit is 182 kg/(inhabitant/year), presenting a potential for biowaste of 1 778 kg/day, although only 22% of this value is being captured. In conclusion, it was found that it is necessary to raise awareness and motivate the population to participate in the selective collection of biowaste, implement regular monitoring, and create incentives for the population to participate in the service. The information transmitted to the population must be more completed and consistent, and it is also essential to reinforce the implementation of electronic tags on containers, as a monitoring tool.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
recolha seletiva de biorresíduos taxa de participação taxa de captura contaminação capitação comunicação