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RESUMO - São apresentados os argumentos de natureza económica
para o desenvolvimento de um sistema de reembolso
baseado num regime de pagamento per capita dos cuidados
de saúde prestados a doentes insuficientes renais crónicos
terminais (IRCT). Defende-se a necessidade de conceber
mecanismos de ajustamento ao risco que evitem a selecção
de doentes e promovam a eficiência num sistema de reembolso
por doente e por período. Descrevem-se dois mecanismos
alternativos de ajustamento ao risco (ex ante e ex
post). Foi conduzida uma simulação a partir dos dois
modelos formalizados. Os dados recolhidos sugerem dificuldades
com o ajustamento ao risco ex ante: (i) não anula
os incentivos de selecção do risco; (ii) não previne a
assimetria de informação. O ajustamento ao risco ex post
torneia estas dificuldades, sem exigir fluxos financeiros significativos.
Discutem-se propostas de ajustamento ao risco
nos doentes IRCT com custos significativamente superiores
à média.
ABSTRACT - The article reviews the economic rationale for a reimbursement system based on per capita payments, for the health care provided to end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in Portugal. In this regard, it would be necessary to create risk adjustment mechanisms that could avoid risk selection without compromising efficiency incentives. In the article two alternative risk adjustment models (ex ante and ex post) are described. A data simulation was conducted based on the two alternative models which suggested problems with the ex ante risk adjustment mechanism: (i) incentives for risk selection were not removed; (ii) information asymmetry was not prevented. The ex post risk adjustment seems to turn around these difficulties, without demanding excessive financing flows. Risk adjustment methodological alternatives for ESRD with excessive health care expenses are reviewed.
ABSTRACT - The article reviews the economic rationale for a reimbursement system based on per capita payments, for the health care provided to end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in Portugal. In this regard, it would be necessary to create risk adjustment mechanisms that could avoid risk selection without compromising efficiency incentives. In the article two alternative risk adjustment models (ex ante and ex post) are described. A data simulation was conducted based on the two alternative models which suggested problems with the ex ante risk adjustment mechanism: (i) incentives for risk selection were not removed; (ii) information asymmetry was not prevented. The ex post risk adjustment seems to turn around these difficulties, without demanding excessive financing flows. Risk adjustment methodological alternatives for ESRD with excessive health care expenses are reviewed.
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Citação
Vieira, Miguel - Cuidados de saúde renais : função, produção e financiamento = Renal health care : production, function and financing. Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Pública. ISSN 0870-9025. Volume temático, Nº 3 (2003), p. 29-42
Editora
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública
