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Associação entre estatuto socioeconómico e consumo de cannabis em adolescentes de sete cidades europeias: Estudo SILNE-R
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RESUMO - Introdução: O cannabis é a droga mais consumida no mundo, principalmente entre jovens do sexo masculino. Muitas vezes, o consumo inicia-se na adolescência, o que pode levar a diversos problemas mais tarde na vida. Este é também dependente do estatuto socioeconómico de cada indivíduo, mas a relação entre este estatuto e o consumo de cannabis não está ainda bem definido. O presente estudo pretendeu investigar a associação entre caraterísticas demográficas e socioeconómicas e o consumo de cannabis em adolescentes de sete cidades europeias.
Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo observacional analítico transversal, analisando dados do questionário SILNE-R, aplicado em 2016 a mais de 16000 alunos. Foi descrita a distribuição destes alunos em termos geográficos e demográficos, e foi caraterizado o seu desempenho académico e a perceção da sua posição na escala económica, ambos componentes do Estatuto Socioeconómico. Foi posteriormente modelizado o consumo de cannabis em função do Estatuto Socioeconómico, ajustando-se o modelo pelas caraterísticas demográficas e geográficas.
Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram uma associação entre alunos com posições económicas mais altas e mais baixas e o consumo de cannabis. Também demonstraram redução do risco de consumo em alunos com melhor desempenho académico. Observou-se também maior risco de consumo sexo masculino, e nos alunos mais velhos. Porém, os alunos mais novos demonstraram risco acrescido de, após experimentarem cannabis, se tornarem consumidores regulares.
Conclusão: A associação entre o Estatuto Socioeconómico e o consumo de cannabis, apesar de não ser totalmente clara, permite identificar populações de maior e menor risco de consumo da droga.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: Cannabis is the most consumed drug in the world, particularly among young men. Usually, consumption starts during the teenage years, which can lead to several problems later in life. It is also dependent on the socioeconomic status of each individual, but the relationship between this status and cannabis consumption is not yet clear. This study aimed to investigate the association between demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and cannabis consumption amongst teenagers in seven European cities. Methodology: This was an observational, analytic, transversal study, which analysed data from the SILNE-R questionnaire, performed in 2016 to over 16000 students. The distribution of these students, geographically and demographically, was described, and their academic achievement and perception of their own position in the economic scale, both components of Socioeconomic Status, were characterized. Afterwards, the consumption of cannabis was modelized in relation to Socioeconomic Status, and the model was adjusted to the demographic and geographic characteristics. Results: The results showed an association between students of higher and lower economic positioning and cannabis consumption. They also showed a reduction in consumption risk in students with higher academic achievement. Boys were also shown to be at a higher risk of consumption, as well as older students. However, younger students showed a higher risk of, being ever-users and becoming regular consumers. Conclusion: The association between Socioeconomic Status and cannabis consumption, despite not being totally clear, allows the identification of populations at higher and lower risk of consuming this drug.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: Cannabis is the most consumed drug in the world, particularly among young men. Usually, consumption starts during the teenage years, which can lead to several problems later in life. It is also dependent on the socioeconomic status of each individual, but the relationship between this status and cannabis consumption is not yet clear. This study aimed to investigate the association between demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and cannabis consumption amongst teenagers in seven European cities. Methodology: This was an observational, analytic, transversal study, which analysed data from the SILNE-R questionnaire, performed in 2016 to over 16000 students. The distribution of these students, geographically and demographically, was described, and their academic achievement and perception of their own position in the economic scale, both components of Socioeconomic Status, were characterized. Afterwards, the consumption of cannabis was modelized in relation to Socioeconomic Status, and the model was adjusted to the demographic and geographic characteristics. Results: The results showed an association between students of higher and lower economic positioning and cannabis consumption. They also showed a reduction in consumption risk in students with higher academic achievement. Boys were also shown to be at a higher risk of consumption, as well as older students. However, younger students showed a higher risk of, being ever-users and becoming regular consumers. Conclusion: The association between Socioeconomic Status and cannabis consumption, despite not being totally clear, allows the identification of populations at higher and lower risk of consuming this drug.
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Adolescentes Drogas Marijuana Saúde pública Adolescents Drugs Marijuana Public health