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Mapping Europe's path to sustainable energy and climate action: A comparative study using factor and cluster analysis to assess progress on energy and climate sustainable goals
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| 2.12 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Resumo(s)
Due to the imminent threat of climate change, there have been several measures taken to
tackle the issue, to decrease high levels of emissions and the high demand for non-clean
energy, among others. With the creation of the sustainable development goals, a plan was
made to follow until 2030, however, the efforts currently still fall short. Therefore, it is
important to understand how European countries are facing this issue and investigate the
similarities and disparities between them. To explore the countries’ performance on goals 7
and 13, from 2020 to 2022, the paper focuses on data that includes goals’ targets and relevant
variables using statistical methods, namely factor and cluster analysis. With the mentioned
methods, it was possible to identify two dimensions: green transition initiatives and energy
demand & emissions. These highlight four clusters: green but polluting, silent bystanders,
climate laggards and sustainable champions, revealing the division in Europe’s efforts. The
results show that dissimilarities occur, however, a clear trend towards a more sustainable
future is happening, with still room for improvement.
Descrição
Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Data Science and Advanced Analytics, specialization in Business Analytics
Palavras-chave
Sustainable development goals Europe Factor analysis Cluster analysis Climate change SDG 7 - Affordable and clean energy SDG 13 - Climate action