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Hot and toxic
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Resumo(s)
Climate change is increasing marine heatwaves (MHWs) frequency and severity worldwide. These extreme events often cause bivalves' mass mortality and facilitate the growth, proliferation and dispersion of toxin-producing microalgae blooms associated with threats to seafood safety. Yet, the interactive effects between MHW and uptake of marine biotoxins by biota are a novel topic still lacking thorough research, from both the ecotoxicological and seafood safety standpoints. This study assessed the effects of a MHW event on the accumulation/elimination dynamics of diarrhetic shellfish toxins in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to Prorocentrum lima and the ecotoxicological responses of mussels co-exposed to these two stressors. Results showed that acute exposure to +4 °C reduced toxins accumulation (−49 %) and elimination (−77 %) compared to control temperature. Moreover, exposure to MHW and toxins affected mussels' antioxidant activity, lipid and protein damage, and metabolism in a tissue-specific manner. These findings highlight that M. galloprovincialis can face higher vulnerability to toxins when MHW events strike.
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Funding Information:
The authors thank Dr. Catarina Braga for providing P. lima. This work was supported by The Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), under the Aqua-CLIMADAPT project (PTDC/CTA-AMB/0592/2021, doi:10.54499/PTDC/CTA-AMB/0592/2021). The project Aqua-CLIMADAPT (PTDC/CTA-AMB/0592/2021) also supported the research contract of M.D. B.Ö. also acknowledges FCT for her Research Grant (IPMA-2023-005-BI) under the MicroToxFish FCT funded project (2022.04136.PTDC). R.R. acknowledges funding from FCT under the strategic project UIDB/04292/2020 granted to MARE, project LA/P/0069/2020 granted to the Associate Laboratory ARNET. This work was also funded by the European Union. Grant number 101086234 — BlueShellfish — HORIZON-MSCA-2021-SE-01.
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© 2025 The Authors
Palavras-chave
Bivalves Heat shock response Metabolism Okadaic acid Oxidative stress Prorocentrum lima Oceanography Aquatic Science Pollution SDG 13 - Climate Action SDG 14 - Life Below Water