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Análise da estabilidade do processo de fresagem com recurso à vibrometria
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Com o desenvolvimento dos processos de fabrico aditivo de compostos metálicos, o
aparecimento do WAAM (Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing) assume uma importância
acrescida uma vez que se trata de uma tecnologia relativamente nova e da sua utilização estar
a aumentar em vários setores industriais. Como as geometrias dos componentes podem ser
complexas e difíceis de maquinar e as altas taxas de deposição podem resultar em grande
ondulação na superfície, é essencial proceder à remoção de um volume considerável de
material, causando vibrações e possível ocorrência de chatter (vibrações regenerativas).
Com o intuito de iniciar os estudos de identificação de chatter na maquinagem de peças
produzidas por WAAM, este trabalho desenvolve um modelo de prevenção de chatter, onde é
possível criar um diagrama de lóbulos de estabilidade (SLD) através da relação entre a
dinâmica do centro de maquinagem, características da ferramenta e material maquinado. Com
a obtenção do mesmo, é possível relacionar determinados parâmetros de corte (profundidade
axial e velocidade de rotação da ferramenta), de forma a evitar o aparecimento de chatter.
De forma a avaliar a efetividade do modelo desenvolvido, são realizados alguns testes
em componentes de Alumínio com características geométricas muito próximas das paredes
produzidas por WAAM, onde é possível averiguar, através do sinal recolhidos por
acelerómetros, a ocorrência de chatter.
With the development of additive manufacturing processes for metal composites, the emergence of WAAM (Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing) has taken on added importance as it is a relatively new technology and its use is increasing in several industrial sectors. As component geometries can be complex and difficult to machine and high deposition rates can result in large surface undulations, it is essential to remove a considerable volume of material, causing vibrations and the possible occurrence of chatter (regenerative vibrations). In order to begin studies into the identification of chatter in the machining of parts produced by WAAM, this work develops a chatter prevention model, where it is possible to create a stability lobe diagram (SLD) through the relationship between the dynamics of the machining centre, tool characteristics and machined material. Once this has been obtained, it is possible to relate certain cutting parameters (axial depth and tool rotation speed) to avoid the appearance of chatter. To assess the effectiveness of the model developed, some tests are carried out on aluminium components with geometric characteristics very close to the walls produced by WAAM, where it is possible to verify the occurrence of chatter using the signal collected by accelerometers.
With the development of additive manufacturing processes for metal composites, the emergence of WAAM (Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing) has taken on added importance as it is a relatively new technology and its use is increasing in several industrial sectors. As component geometries can be complex and difficult to machine and high deposition rates can result in large surface undulations, it is essential to remove a considerable volume of material, causing vibrations and the possible occurrence of chatter (regenerative vibrations). In order to begin studies into the identification of chatter in the machining of parts produced by WAAM, this work develops a chatter prevention model, where it is possible to create a stability lobe diagram (SLD) through the relationship between the dynamics of the machining centre, tool characteristics and machined material. Once this has been obtained, it is possible to relate certain cutting parameters (axial depth and tool rotation speed) to avoid the appearance of chatter. To assess the effectiveness of the model developed, some tests are carried out on aluminium components with geometric characteristics very close to the walls produced by WAAM, where it is possible to verify the occurrence of chatter using the signal collected by accelerometers.
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Maquinagem WAAM Vibrações Chatter Diagrama de Lóbulo de Estabilidade Análise modal experimental