Single-Step Plasma-Induced Synthesis of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites

Graphene-based composite materials have attracted much attention for a range of applications in various fields, including electronics, sensing, catalysis, energy storage and conversion. Single-step large-scale microwave plasma synthesis of graphene and nitrogen-doped graphene (N-graphene) composite materials has been demonstrated. The developed atmospheric pressure plasma method allows continuous synthesis of different graphene-based hybrids in a controllable and environmentally friendly manner. Control over the synthesis process, i.e., size, uniformity, surface distribution of the nanoparticles and graphene/N-graphene quality, was provided by adjusting plasma parameters and injection configuration. Protocols for the production of particular composites, i.e., graphene-MnO, N-graphene-MnO, N-graphene-MnS, and N-graphene-FexOy, have been established using methane and acetonitrile as precursors. A comprehensive physicochemical characterization of the produced composites was conducted using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and near-edge X-ray-absorption fine-structure and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies.

Descrição

The work was supported by the NATO Science for Peace and Security Programme through AEGIS—Advanced Electromagnetic Graphene-based shields via plasma Induced Synthesis Project (Multi-Year Project G7918). M.A. and J.K. acknowledge the financial support by the European Union-Next Generation EU, through the National Recovery and Resilience Plan of the Republic of Bulgaria, project No. BG-RRP-2.004-0008-C01, European Regional Development Fund under “Research Innovation and Digitization for Smart Transformation” program 2021–2027 under the Project BG16RFPR002-1.014-0006 “National Centre of Excellence Mechatronics and Clean Technologies” and INFRAMAT (National Roadmap for Research Infrastructure), supported by Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science. U.C. and J.Z. acknowledge the Slovenian Research Agency (ARIS) for the projects Z2-4467 and J2-50074, and program No. P1-0417, as well as the EU Graphene Flagship FLAG-ERA III JTC 2021 project VEGA (PR-11938) and M-ERA.NET 3 project ANGSTROM (the project is funded by the Ministrstvo za visoko šolstvo, znanost in inovacije—MVZI, Slovenia). The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from the European Innovation Council Pathfinder project under grant agreement No. 101046835. Publisher Copyright: © 2026 by the authors.

Palavras-chave

atmospheric pressure graphene composite microwave plasma N-graphene composite scalable production General Chemical Engineering General Materials Science

URI

http://hdl.handle.net/10362/205470

DOI

10.3390/nano16080473

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