Publicação
Multifunctional superparamagnetic mesoporous bioactive glass-based injectable bone cements for cancer theranostics and bone regeneration
| datacite.subject.fos | Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia dos Materiais | pt_PT |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Borges, João | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Soares, Paula | |
| dc.contributor.author | Cruz, Francisca Fraústo Freire da | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-05-15T08:04:36Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-05-15T08:04:36Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024-12 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Bone cancer treatment often involves invasive surgeries and non-specific therapies like chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which can lead to severe side effects and incomplete tumour removal. This thesis explores the development of multifunctional injectable bone cement based on superparamagnetic mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) for cancer theranostics and bone regeneration. The cements incorporate superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) to enable localized hyperthermia, and therapeutic ions such as copper (Cu2+) to provide antibacterial, osteogenic, and angiogenic properties. The research focuses on optimizing the synthesis of MBGs with varying Cu2+ contents (0%, 2%, and 5%) and their subsequent functionalization with SPIONs (SPIONs@MBG). Extensive characterization revealed that the inclusion of Cu2+ influences the structural and biological properties of the MBGs, enhancing their bioactivity and antibacterial efficacy, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria. The rheological properties and setting times of the injectable cements were tailored by adjusting the liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratio, ensuring optimal injectability and mechanical stability for clinical applications. Cytotoxicity tests using human osteosarcoma cells (Saos-2) indicated that the MBG exhibit good biocompatibility, with cell viability above 70% for most compositions. Magnetic hyperthermia tests demonstrated that SPIONs@MBGs could achieve localized heating, though further optimization is required to reach therapeutic temperature ranges. These findings suggest that SPIONs@MBG-based cements hold significant potential as multifunctional materials for bone cancer treatment, offering a synergistic approach that combines targeted hyperthermia and regenerative capabilities. Future work will focus on in vivo studies to assess the clinical efficacy of these injectable cements for bone regeneration and localized cancer therapy. | pt_PT |
| dc.description.abstract | O tratamento do cancro ósseo envolve frequentemente cirurgias invasivas e terapias inespecíficas, como quimioterapia e radioterapia, que podem causar efeitos secundários graves e resultar numa remoção incompleta do tumor. Esta tese explora o desenvolvimento de cimentos ósseos injetáveis multifuncionais baseados em vidro bioativo mesoporoso superparamagnético (MBG) para teranóstico do cancro e regeneração óssea. Estes cimentos incorporam nanopartículas superparamagnéticas de óxido de ferro (SPIONs) para permitir hipertermia localizada, juntamente com iões terapêuticos como o cobre (Cu²⁺), que conferem propriedades antibacterianas, osteogénicas e angiogénicas. A investigação centra-se na síntese de MBGs com diferentes teores de Cu²⁺ (0%, 2% e 5%) e na sua funcionalização com SPIONs (SPIONs@MBG). A inclusão de Cu²⁺ melhora as propriedades bioativas e antibacterianas dos MBGs, especialmente contra bactérias Gram-positivas. As propriedades reológicas e os tempos de presa dos cimentos foram ajustados através da razão líquido-sólido (L/S), assegurando injetabilidade e estabilidade mecânica adequadas para aplicações clínicas. Testes de citotoxicidade em células humanas de osteossarcoma (Saos-2) indicaram boa biocompatibilidade, com viabilidade celular superior a 70% na maioria das composições. Os testes de hipertermia magnética mostraram que os SPIONs@MBGs podem alcançar aquecimento localizado, embora seja necessária uma otimização adicional para atingir temperaturas terapêuticas. Estes resultados sugerem que os cimentos baseados em SPIONs@MBG têm potencial como materiais multifuncionais para o tratamento do cancro ósseo, combinando hipertermia direcionada e regeneração óssea. Estudos futuros avaliarão a eficácia clínica destes cimentos na regeneração óssea e na terapia localizada do cancro. | pt_PT |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10362/183044 | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | pt_PT |
| dc.subject | Bone Cement | pt_PT |
| dc.subject | Bone Regeneration | pt_PT |
| dc.subject | Cancer Theranostics | pt_PT |
| dc.subject | Mesoporous Bioactive Glass | pt_PT |
| dc.subject | Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles | pt_PT |
| dc.title | Multifunctional superparamagnetic mesoporous bioactive glass-based injectable bone cements for cancer theranostics and bone regeneration | pt_PT |
| dc.type | master thesis | |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
| rcaap.rights | openAccess | pt_PT |
| rcaap.type | masterThesis | pt_PT |
| thesis.degree.name | NTEGRATED MASTER IN MATERIALS ENGINEERING | pt_PT |