| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6.04 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O músculo Orbicularis Oculi (OO) é responsável pelo encerramento das pálpebras e prote-
ção do globo ocular. Existem várias patologias que podem afetar o seu funcionamento que
tanto podem ser por um comprometimento direto do músculo (miopatias, traumatismos,
cirurgias) ou pela sua enervação (paralisia do nervo facial idiopática ou secundária central
ou periférica). É uma condição observada com relativa frequência na prática clínica.
Nesta dissertação é proposto o desenvolvimento de uma plataforma de medição bio-
mecânica do fecho palpebral, de forma a diagnosticar as diversas patologias associadas ao
enfraquecimento do músculo OO ou mesmo a sua paralisia total. A unidade a desenvolver
é composta por duas células de carga, cada uma associada a um módulo acondicionador
de sinal, um microcomputador Raspberry Pi e um touchscreen para permitir a interação do
utilizador (profissional de saúde) com uma interface user-friendly. Para além disso tem
ainda um motor de passo e o seu controlador para permitir um posicionamento simples
do dispositivo em relação ao paciente e uma bateria que alimenta tanto estas componentes
anteriormente mencionadas como a restante eletrónica com o auxílio de um conversor
DC-DC. Concluiu-se que esta unidade permite adquirir medições sistemáticas da força
de contração do músculo OO para possibilitar a criação de uma base de dados e estudar
as patologias anteriormente mencionadas. As várias medições da força de contração do
músculo Orbicularis Oculi de um mesmo indivíduo são coerentes. Para além disso, tal
como se suspeitava, cada indivíduo apresenta um padrão próprio. Contudo, os valores
registados entre os vários voluntários estão na mesma gama de valores.
The Orbicularis Oculi (OO) muscle is responsible for eyelid closure and for protecting the eyeball. Several pathologies may affect its function, either due to direct impairment of the muscle itself (myopathies, trauma, surgery) or due to its innervation (idiopathic facial nerve paralysis or secondary paralysis of central or peripheral origin). This condition is relatively common in clinical practice. This dissertation proposes the development of a biomechanical force measurement platform for eyelid closure, with the aim of diagnosing the various pathologies associated with the weakening of the OO muscle, or even its complete paralysis. The unit consists of two load cells, each connected to a signal conditioning module, a Raspberry Pi micro- computer, and a touchscreen to allow user (healthcare professional) interaction through a user-friendly interface. In addition, it includes a stepper motor with its controller to enable simple positioning of the device in relation to the patient, as well as a battery that powers both the aforementioned components and the remaining electronics, with the aid of a DC-DC converter. It was concluded that this unit makes it possible to obtain systematic measurements of the contraction force of the OO muscle, thereby enabling the creation of a database and the study of the aforementioned pathologies. Repeated measurements of the Orbicularis Oculi contraction force in the same individual proved to be consistent. Furthermore, as initially suspected, each individual displays a specific pattern. However, the values recorded among the different volunteers fall within the same range.
The Orbicularis Oculi (OO) muscle is responsible for eyelid closure and for protecting the eyeball. Several pathologies may affect its function, either due to direct impairment of the muscle itself (myopathies, trauma, surgery) or due to its innervation (idiopathic facial nerve paralysis or secondary paralysis of central or peripheral origin). This condition is relatively common in clinical practice. This dissertation proposes the development of a biomechanical force measurement platform for eyelid closure, with the aim of diagnosing the various pathologies associated with the weakening of the OO muscle, or even its complete paralysis. The unit consists of two load cells, each connected to a signal conditioning module, a Raspberry Pi micro- computer, and a touchscreen to allow user (healthcare professional) interaction through a user-friendly interface. In addition, it includes a stepper motor with its controller to enable simple positioning of the device in relation to the patient, as well as a battery that powers both the aforementioned components and the remaining electronics, with the aid of a DC-DC converter. It was concluded that this unit makes it possible to obtain systematic measurements of the contraction force of the OO muscle, thereby enabling the creation of a database and the study of the aforementioned pathologies. Repeated measurements of the Orbicularis Oculi contraction force in the same individual proved to be consistent. Furthermore, as initially suspected, each individual displays a specific pattern. However, the values recorded among the different volunteers fall within the same range.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Orbicularis Oculi miopatia pálpebra encerramento contração paralisia facial
