A carregar...
Publicação
Conhecimento sobre o VIH e determinantes sociodemográficos entre homens na Guiné-Bissau: evidência do Sexto Inquérito de Indicadores Múltiplos (MICS-6)
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 372.06 KB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
RESUMO - Introdução: Apesar dos progressos na prevenção do VIH, o conhecimento e a adesão à testagem entre homens na África Ocidental e Central permanecem insuficientes. Este estudo analisou o nível e os determinantes do conhecimento e da testagem para o VIH entre homens dos 15 aos 49 anos na Guiné-Bissau, com base em dados nacionalmente representativos.
Métodos: Realizou-se uma análise secundária dos dados do Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS-6) da Guiné-Bissau (2018–2019). A amostra incluiu 2 422 homens de 15–49 anos. O conhecimento abrangente sobre o VIH foi definido segundo o indicador padrão do MICS, baseado em seis perguntas sobre prevenção e transmissão. Efetuaram-se análises descritivas não ponderadas, bivariadas e multivariadas (regressões linear e logística) no RStudio 2025.09.1+401, para identificar preditores sociodemográficos do conhecimento e da testagem.
Resultados: Apenas 32,5 % dos homens apresentaram conhecimento abrangente sobre o VIH. As respostas corretas foram mais frequentes quanto ao uso de
preservativo (89,3 %) e à monogamia com um parceiro não infetado (87,7 %), mas persistiram conceções erradas sobre picadas de mosquitos (40,4 %), partilha de
alimentos (30,1 %) e causas sobrenaturais (21,2 %). Os homens que alguma vez realizaram o teste do VIH apresentaram pontuações médias de conhecimento
significativamente superiores (4,88 ± 1,03 vs. 4,57 ± 1,34; t = 5,24; p < 0,001). Nos modelos ajustados, idade, escolaridade, riqueza do agregado familiar e região foram
preditores significativos do conhecimento. Homens com ensino superior apresentaram maior probabilidade de conhecimento abrangente (OR = 2,44; IC95 %: 1,39–4,31), e aqueles pertencentes ao quintil mais rico tiveram odds mais elevadas do que os mais pobres (OR = 1,57; IC95 %: 1,01–2,46). A testagem foi mais frequente entre homens mais velhos (OR = 3,60–8,98), com maior escolaridade (até OR = 11,0) e em agregados mais ricos (até OR = 4,49), mas não se associou significativamente ao índice de conhecimento.
Conclusão: O conhecimento e a testagem para o VIH entre homens na Guiné-Bissau permanecem baixos e desigualmente distribuídos. É fundamental reforçar a educação formal e comunitária, melhorar a comunicação adaptada a populações com baixa literacia e reduzir desigualdades socioeconómicas e regionais para acelerar o progresso rumo às metas nacionais e globais de prevenção do VIH e aos objetivos 95- 95-95 da UNAIDS.
ABSTRACT - Background: Despite progress in HIV prevention, knowledge and testing uptake among men in West and Central Africa remain suboptimal. This study assessed the level and determinants of HIV knowledge and testing among men aged 15–49 years in Guinea-Bissau using nationally representative data. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the Guinea-Bissau Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS-6, 2018–2019). The analytic sample comprised 2,422 men aged 15–49 years. Comprehensive HIV knowledge was defined according to the standard MICS indicator, based on six questions on prevention and transmission. Unweighted descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable (linear and logistic regression) analyses were performed in RStudio 2025.09.1+401 to identify sociodemographic predictors of HIV knowledge and testing. Results: Only 32.5 % of men demonstrated comprehensive HIV knowledge. Correct understanding was highest for condom use (89.3 %) and monogamy with an uninfected partner (87.7 %), while misconceptions persisted regarding mosquito bites (40.4 %), food sharing (30.1 %), and supernatural causes (21.2 %). Men who had ever been tested for HIV had significantly higher mean knowledge scores (4.88 ± 1.03 vs. 4.57 ± 1.34; t = 5.24; p < 0.001). In adjusted models, age, education, household wealth, and region were significant predictors of knowledge. Men with higher education were more likely to have comprehensive knowledge (OR = 2.44; 95 % CI: 1.39–4.31), and those in the richest wealth quintile had higher odds than the poorest (OR = 1.57; 95 % CI: 1.01–2.46). HIV testing was more common among older men (OR = 3.60–8.98), those with higher education (up to OR = 11.0), and those from wealthier households (up to OR = 4.49), but was not significantly associated with the knowledge score. Conclusion: HIV knowledge and testing among men in Guinea-Bissau remain low and unevenly distributed. Strengthening formal and community-based education, improving communication strategies for low-literacy populations, and reducing socioeconomic and regional inequalities are essential to accelerate progress toward national and global HIV prevention targets and the UNAIDS 95-95-95 goals.
ABSTRACT - Background: Despite progress in HIV prevention, knowledge and testing uptake among men in West and Central Africa remain suboptimal. This study assessed the level and determinants of HIV knowledge and testing among men aged 15–49 years in Guinea-Bissau using nationally representative data. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the Guinea-Bissau Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS-6, 2018–2019). The analytic sample comprised 2,422 men aged 15–49 years. Comprehensive HIV knowledge was defined according to the standard MICS indicator, based on six questions on prevention and transmission. Unweighted descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable (linear and logistic regression) analyses were performed in RStudio 2025.09.1+401 to identify sociodemographic predictors of HIV knowledge and testing. Results: Only 32.5 % of men demonstrated comprehensive HIV knowledge. Correct understanding was highest for condom use (89.3 %) and monogamy with an uninfected partner (87.7 %), while misconceptions persisted regarding mosquito bites (40.4 %), food sharing (30.1 %), and supernatural causes (21.2 %). Men who had ever been tested for HIV had significantly higher mean knowledge scores (4.88 ± 1.03 vs. 4.57 ± 1.34; t = 5.24; p < 0.001). In adjusted models, age, education, household wealth, and region were significant predictors of knowledge. Men with higher education were more likely to have comprehensive knowledge (OR = 2.44; 95 % CI: 1.39–4.31), and those in the richest wealth quintile had higher odds than the poorest (OR = 1.57; 95 % CI: 1.01–2.46). HIV testing was more common among older men (OR = 3.60–8.98), those with higher education (up to OR = 11.0), and those from wealthier households (up to OR = 4.49), but was not significantly associated with the knowledge score. Conclusion: HIV knowledge and testing among men in Guinea-Bissau remain low and unevenly distributed. Strengthening formal and community-based education, improving communication strategies for low-literacy populations, and reducing socioeconomic and regional inequalities are essential to accelerate progress toward national and global HIV prevention targets and the UNAIDS 95-95-95 goals.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Conhecimento sobre o VIH Testagem do VIH Homens Guiné-Bissau MICS Determinantes socioeconómicos Saúde pública África Ocidental HIV knowledge HIV testing Men Guinea-Bissau Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey Socioeconomic determinants Public health West Africa