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Seafood by-products from canning industry
Publication . Almeida, Cheila; Sapatinha, Maria; Pires, Carla; Nunes, Maria Leonor; Marques, António; DQ - Departamento de Química; Elsevier
Seafood canning industries generate large amounts of by-products, including effluents, with high organic and salt contents. Valorisation treatments can transform by-products into valuable products applying a circular approach, however they also entail environmental impacts. This review analysis articles published between 2013 and 2023 on valorisation treatments for the production of value-added products from seafood canning industry by-products. It also verified to which extent the environmental performance of those treatments was considered by gathering information on the application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology that assess impacts comprehensively. A second goal was to investigate the European Union (EU) seafood canning industry to provide data on potential by-products and amounts generated. A total of 18 valorisation treatments and 12 different products were found. Bioactive products represented 61 % of the products and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs) were the most frequently products obtained. FPHs are, proteins that are broken down into smaller peptides used to improve the functional and nutritional properties of food. PHAs serve as raw materials to replace petroleum-based plastics. A total of eight articles assessed environmental impacts of valorization options, but only six used LCA related with fishmeal production together with uses of by-products as fish oil, fish pâté, energy recovery, lipid extraction and PHAs production. Based on the EU annual production of canned seafood products, it was estimated that 511 k tonnes of by-products could be available. The valorisation of such by-products face challenges as their variability and degradation and, although it is a low-cost raw material, logistics are required to collect them. The environmental impacts, currently assessed of valorisation treatments are not representative of the most promising technologies and therefore it is still difficult to take evidenced-based decisions on the fate of the fish by-products coming from canning industries.
Valorisation of sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) gonads through canning
Publication . Camacho, Carolina; Oliveira, Helena; Serrano, Carmo; Delgado, Inês; Coelho, Inês; Pedro, Sónia; Lourenço, Helena; Bandarra, Narcisa M.; Marques, António; Pessoa, M. Fernanda; Gonçalves, Amparo; Nunes, M. Leonor; DCT - Departamento de Ciências da Terra; GeoBioTec - Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT); Elsevier
Fresh sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) gonads are a delicacy with short seasonal availability, very often heterogeneous in size and intrinsic characteristics. This study aimed to valorise this resource through the preparation of canned products (with/without Porphyra spp.) and evaluate their physicochemical and sensory quality (3–12 months). Canning contributed to a decrease in protein, K and most carotenoids contents; and a concentration of lipids, ash, Na and Se levels. A simulated 12-month ageing led to decrease the protein and β-carotene contents; and the Na and lutein levels concentration. The macroalgae addition resulted in an orange, darker and less soft product, with higher carbohydrates, Na, Se and carotenoids contents. A 25 g-dose contributes to significant daily intakes of protein (8–9%), EPA+DHA (47–53%), I (35–62%) and Se (30–47%). The products were commercially stable/sterile and had good sensory acceptance. Overall, canning constitutes a strategy to provide a nutritionally balanced product available all year-round.
The Advantages of Combining Morphological and Molecular Methods to Characterise Zooplankton Communities
Publication . Simões, Marco; Cotrim Marques, Sónia; Costa, Cátia; da Luz Calado, Maria; Lobo-Arteaga, Jorge; Bartilotti, Cátia; Jorge Campos, Maria; Leandro, Sérgio Miguel; Antunes, Agostinho; MARE - Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT); MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Understanding the ecological dynamics of zooplankton communities is crucial to precisely assessing the health of marine ecosystems and their management. Metabarcoding has contributed to a better understanding of biodiversity in marine environments. However, this methodology still requires protocol optimisation. Here, we used a complementary approach combining molecular and morphological identification methods to identify the zooplankton community inhabiting the Berlengas Archipelago, Portugal. The presence of non-indigenous species was also assessed. The results showed that the metabarcoding approach outperformed the classical morphological identification method, detecting more species with higher resolution. Nevertheless, the classical method was able to identify species that were not detected by the molecular approaches, probably due to a lack of reference data in the databases. The comparison between different molecular approaches showed that COI and bulk DNA gave better results than 18S rRNA and eDNA by detecting higher species diversity. However, complementarities were observed between them. Molecular tools also proved effective in identifying several potential non-indigenous species, identifying, for the first time, several potentially unreported NIS inhabiting the Portuguese marine ecosystems. Overall, our results confirmed the importance of combining both classical and molecular methods to obtain a more refined assessment of the zooplanktonic communities in marine environments.
Identificação das melhores estratégias para redução e/ou substituição do teor de NaCl/Na em conservas de peixe
Publication . Nabais, Alexandre Rodrigues; Oliveira, Helena; Duarte, Maria Paula
O elevado consumo de sal é um problema crescente de saúde pública na maioria dos países do mundo. Vários estudos têm demonstrado que este consumo excessivo pode provocar hipertensão arterial um dos principais fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares e cerebrovasculares, como o acidente vascular cerebral e enfarte agudo do miocárdio). Esta problemática aliada ao elevado e/ou crescente consumo de pescado em todo o mundo, com destaque para Portugal (maior consumidor da União Europeia), levanta a necessidade de desenvolver produtos deste género com baixo teor de cloreto de sódio (NaCl) e sódio (Na) na sua composição. O objetivo deste trabalho de investigação prendeu-se com esta questão, através do desenvolvimento de conservas de carapau-branco do Atlântico (Trachurus trachurus) em azeite com um teor reduzido de NaCl/Na utilizando diferentes estratégias (50% de substituição molar de NaCl por cloreto de potássio (KCl) e 50% de substituição molar de NaCl por 50% de microcápsulas de oleorresinas com KCl a 3%; numa salmoura a 14%) sem comprometer o valor nutricional deste produto e sem alterar as características organoléticas do produto. Pretendeu-se assim avaliar o efeito dessa substituição nas propriedades físico-químicas e sensoriais das conservas de carapau armazenadas durante aproximadamente um mês a 20 e 40 ºC (para simular um envelhecimento de quatro meses), bem como, analisar a sua estabilidade e esterilidade para a comercialização do produto. No geral, os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a formulação e o envelhecimento acelerado não afetaram a estabilidade, esterilidade, a composição química aproximada, nem as propriedades sensoriais (avaliadas por um painel ou instrumentalmente) das conservas de carapau-branco do Atlântico preparadas com azeite. Deste modo, a substituição parcial de NaCl por KCl ou microcápsulas de oleorresinas parece ser muito promissora para reduzir o teor de Na (43%) e também para aumentar o consumo de K (55,8% na formulação com KCl). Este aumento de potássio (K) tem um efeito cardiovascular protetor reduzindo a pressão arterial.
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Entidade financiadora
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Programa de financiamento
Concurso de avaliação no âmbito do Programa Plurianual de Financiamento de Unidades de I&D (2017/2018) - Financiamento Base
Número da atribuição
UIDB/04423/2020