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Comportamentos e hábitos dos professores dos 2º. e 3º. ciclos do ensino básico do Porto face ao tabagismo
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RESUMO - Introdução: de acordo com o Inquérito Nacional de Saúde
(1998-1999: 334), 21,8% dos inquiridos que fumam actualmente
referem ter iniciado esse hábito antes dos 15 anos de
idade e 72,1% entre os 15 e os 24 anos. Nestas idades os
professores têm reconhecidamente um papel muito importante
para os alunos, quer numa situação formal de ensino-
-aprendizagem, quer numa situação informal de convívio e
lazer. Torna-se, assim, necessário conhecer os comportamentos
face ao tabagismo dos professores dos 2.o e 3.o ciclos
do ensino básico, quer no sentido de o poder prevenir ou,
pelo contrário, o poder induzir nos jovens. Importa também
saber se os alunos são fumadores passivos, ou seja, se
se encontram expostos à poluição tabágica ambiental.
Participantes e métodos: os inquiridos são 280 professores
(20,9% do total) dos 2.o e 3.o ciclos do ensino básico da
cidade do Porto.
Resultados: verificou-se que 25,7% dos inquiridos são
fumadores, 21,4% afirmam ser permitido fumar nos bares/
cantinas da escola, em contraste com a lei de prevenção
tabágica (LPT), e 33,3% dos fumadores fumam nestes
locais. Apenas 30% dos fumadores respeitam a LPT. A abordagem
e a dinamização da problemática do tabagismo,
embora atravessem todos os grupos disciplinares, é nos
grupos das ciências naturais e educação física que mais se
destacam (34,2% e 45%, respectivamente, versus 26,4% do
global).
Conclusões: o presente estudo reafirma a necessidade de
formação e orientação para a prevenção do tabagismo
entre os agentes com responsabilidades formativas, divulgação
da LPT e fiscalização da mesma.
ABSTRACT - According to the Portuguese National Health Inquiry (1998- -1999: 334), 21.8% of the population inquired that currently smoke said that they initiated the habit before 15 years of age and 72.1% between the ages of 15 and 24. In these ages teachers have a very important role for the pupils, both in formal teaching-learning situations and in informal situations of conviviality and leisure. Thus it becomes necessary to know the behaviors regarding tobacco of the professors of 2nd and 3rd cycles of basic education, in both directions — prevention or induction of smoking in the young. It is also important to know if students are passive smokers, e. g., if they are exposed to a smoking environment in the school. We inquired 280 professors (20.9% of the total) of 2nd and 3rd cycles of the basic education of the city of Oporto. Of the inquired teachers, 25,7% are current smokers, against the Portuguese smoking prevention law, 21,4% state that it is allowed to smoke in school bars/refectory, and 33,3% of the smokers smoke in these places. Only 30% of the smokers respect the law. Although the approach to deal with the smoking problem crosses all the school subject groups, it is the Natural Sciences and Physical Education (34,2% and 45%, respectively, versus 26.4% global results) that outstands. The present study reaffirms the need for educational training and orientation among teachers regarding smoking prevention, since they are agents with formative responsibilities that should also consider expanding the role and enforcement of the law.
ABSTRACT - According to the Portuguese National Health Inquiry (1998- -1999: 334), 21.8% of the population inquired that currently smoke said that they initiated the habit before 15 years of age and 72.1% between the ages of 15 and 24. In these ages teachers have a very important role for the pupils, both in formal teaching-learning situations and in informal situations of conviviality and leisure. Thus it becomes necessary to know the behaviors regarding tobacco of the professors of 2nd and 3rd cycles of basic education, in both directions — prevention or induction of smoking in the young. It is also important to know if students are passive smokers, e. g., if they are exposed to a smoking environment in the school. We inquired 280 professors (20.9% of the total) of 2nd and 3rd cycles of the basic education of the city of Oporto. Of the inquired teachers, 25,7% are current smokers, against the Portuguese smoking prevention law, 21,4% state that it is allowed to smoke in school bars/refectory, and 33,3% of the smokers smoke in these places. Only 30% of the smokers respect the law. Although the approach to deal with the smoking problem crosses all the school subject groups, it is the Natural Sciences and Physical Education (34,2% and 45%, respectively, versus 26.4% global results) that outstands. The present study reaffirms the need for educational training and orientation among teachers regarding smoking prevention, since they are agents with formative responsibilities that should also consider expanding the role and enforcement of the law.
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Contexto Educativo
Citação
Brandão, Maria Piedade; Cardoso, Margarida Fonseca; Calheiros, José Manuel - Comportamentos e hábitos dos professores dos 2º. e 3º. ciclos do ensino básico do Porto face ao tabagismo = Behaviour and attitudes towards smoking in high school teachers in Oporto. Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Pública. ISSN 0870-9025. Vol. 22, Nº 1 (Janeiro/Junho 2004), p. 19-34
Editora
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública