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RESUMO -
Introdução: A esquizofrenia é uma perturbação mental grave e debilitante, tendencialmente de evolução prolongada, estimando-se que possa afetar cerca de 21 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo. Em Portugal a prevalência da esquizofrenia será cerca de 48 mil doentes. Importa conhecer os custos de tratamento envolvidos de forma a permitir uma afetação mais eficiente dos recursos disponíveis. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estimar os custos diretos do tratamento da psicose esquizofrénica e os seus determinantes, e comparar com os custos obtidos noutros estudos.
Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo observacional, transversal, retrospetivo tendo por base uma amostra de 380 doentes diagnosticados com psicose esquizofrénica seguidos no Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho no ano de 2016.
Resultados: O custo médio de tratamento por doente em 2016 foi de 844,90€. Verificou-se contudo uma grande dispersão nos custos médios por doente que variaram entre 56€ e 10.606,84€. O internamento foi a componente mais representativa do custo total (59%). As caraterísticas demográficas não foram significativamente associadas aos custos diretos de tratamento da esquizofrenia.
Conclusão: O custo médio de tratamento estimado foi claramente inferior aos obtidos na revisão de literatura. Não obstante as diferentes abordagens metodológicas, as diferenças observadas nos custos médios de tratamento podem estar sobretudo relacionadas com a tipologia de cuidados prestados, sugerindo diferenças nas práticas clínicas e na diferenciação e organização dos serviços de saúde mental.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: Schizophrenia is a serious and debilitating mental disorder, which tends to develop over a long period of time, and is estimated to affect about 21 million people worldwide. In Portugal, schizophrenia is estimated to affect around 48.000 people. Knowing the treatment costs is essential to allow for a more efficient allocation of available resources. This study aims to estimate the direct treatment costs of schizophrenic psychosis and its determinants, and compare them with those obtained in the literature. METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out based on a sample of 380 patients diagnosed with schizophrenic psychosis followed at the Hospital Center of Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho in 2016. Results: The average per-patient treatment cost was € 844.90. There was, however, a large dispersion in the average costs per patient, between € 56 and € 10,606.84. In-patient care represented the highest share of total costs (59%). Demographic characteristics were not significantly associated with the direct treatment costs. Conclusion: The average treatment cost was substantially lower than that obtained in the literature. Notwithstanding the different methodological approaches, these differences may be mainly related to the type of care, suggesting differences in clinical practices and in the differentiation and organization of mental health services.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: Schizophrenia is a serious and debilitating mental disorder, which tends to develop over a long period of time, and is estimated to affect about 21 million people worldwide. In Portugal, schizophrenia is estimated to affect around 48.000 people. Knowing the treatment costs is essential to allow for a more efficient allocation of available resources. This study aims to estimate the direct treatment costs of schizophrenic psychosis and its determinants, and compare them with those obtained in the literature. METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out based on a sample of 380 patients diagnosed with schizophrenic psychosis followed at the Hospital Center of Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho in 2016. Results: The average per-patient treatment cost was € 844.90. There was, however, a large dispersion in the average costs per patient, between € 56 and € 10,606.84. In-patient care represented the highest share of total costs (59%). Demographic characteristics were not significantly associated with the direct treatment costs. Conclusion: The average treatment cost was substantially lower than that obtained in the literature. Notwithstanding the different methodological approaches, these differences may be mainly related to the type of care, suggesting differences in clinical practices and in the differentiation and organization of mental health services.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Especialização em Administração Hospitalar
Palavras-chave
Saúde mental esquizofrenia custos diretos Mental health schizophrenia direct costs
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública