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Política mediatizada:diálogos explícitos, influências implícitas
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Em maio de 2011, foi assinado um memorando de entendimento entre o governo português e a troika formada pelo Fundo Monetário Internacional, o Banco Central Europeu e a Comissão Europeia. Foi assim formalizado um programa de financiamento externo que incluiria um conjunto de políticas orientadas para a redução da despesa do Estado durante os três anos seguintes. Este seria um tema saliente na informação televisiva, com cobertura diária nos blocos de informação generalistas em horário nobre (RTP1, SIC e TVI). O presente estudo analisa os diferentes discursos sobre o programa de financiamento externo presentes nestes espaços de informação em quatro momentos distintos. O primeiro período corresponde a janeiro de 2011, quando o recurso a um programa de financiamento externo era debatido apenas como uma possibilidade; o segundo, em maio do mesmo ano, quando o programa foi formalizado; em janeiro de 2014, durante o terceiro período de análise, eram debatidas várias medidas de austeridade declaradas inconstitucionais pelo Tribunal Constitucional. Em maio de 2014, o último período de análise corresponde ao fim do programa de financiamento. A análise salienta uma perspetiva intertextual sobre o discurso, entendendo-o como o resultado de processos de edição e práticas através das quais são reunidos diferentes discursos – não apenas os de jornalistas, mas também os de outros atores – rearticulados para os blocos de informação em horário nobre. O objetivo foi o de identificar as principais estruturas discursivas com relativa permanência utilizadas para legitimar ou justificar propostas políticas para a ação, avançadas para alcançar as metas do programa. O discurso político é assim entendido principalmente como argumentativo – e como intermediários, as organizações de comunicação social são concebidas como atores políticos responsáveis por uma construção particular dos acontecimentos
In May 2011, the Portuguese government signed a memorandum of understanding with the troika formed by the International Monetary Fund, the European Central Bank and the European Commission. The agreement formalized an external financing program that included a set of policies aimed at reducing state spending over the following three years. This would be a prominent theme on television, with daily coverage on the three main prime-time television news reports (RTP1, SIC and TVI). The research presented here involves the analysis of the different discourses in prime time about the external financing program, in four different periods. The first period corresponds to January 2011, when an external financing program was debated only as a possibility; the second, in May of the same year, when the agreement was formalized; during the third period of analysis, in January 2014, the debate focused on a set of policies put forward by the government to fulfill the program’s objectives but which were declared as unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court. In May 2014, the last period of analysis corresponds to the end of the program. The analysis accentuates an intertextual perspective of discourse, taking it as the result of editing processes and practices through which different discourses are merged – not only those of journalists, but also those of other actors – and rearticulated for the specific context of prime-time newscasts. The objective was to identify the main discursive structures with relative permanency used to legitimize or to justify political proposals for action put forward for the achievement of the program’s goals. Political discourse is thus mainly understood as argumentative – and as intermediaries, media organizations are seen as political actors responsible for the construction of a particular version of events.
In May 2011, the Portuguese government signed a memorandum of understanding with the troika formed by the International Monetary Fund, the European Central Bank and the European Commission. The agreement formalized an external financing program that included a set of policies aimed at reducing state spending over the following three years. This would be a prominent theme on television, with daily coverage on the three main prime-time television news reports (RTP1, SIC and TVI). The research presented here involves the analysis of the different discourses in prime time about the external financing program, in four different periods. The first period corresponds to January 2011, when an external financing program was debated only as a possibility; the second, in May of the same year, when the agreement was formalized; during the third period of analysis, in January 2014, the debate focused on a set of policies put forward by the government to fulfill the program’s objectives but which were declared as unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court. In May 2014, the last period of analysis corresponds to the end of the program. The analysis accentuates an intertextual perspective of discourse, taking it as the result of editing processes and practices through which different discourses are merged – not only those of journalists, but also those of other actors – and rearticulated for the specific context of prime-time newscasts. The objective was to identify the main discursive structures with relative permanency used to legitimize or to justify political proposals for action put forward for the achievement of the program’s goals. Political discourse is thus mainly understood as argumentative – and as intermediaries, media organizations are seen as political actors responsible for the construction of a particular version of events.
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Televisão Troika Crise financeira Financial crisis Television