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Best practices in drug demand reduction: beyond promotion, how to measure the impact?
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Drug related problems remain an important burden for public health. Prevention is
considered key even under very different political orientation.
Effective preventive interventions need to rely on supportive policies, sound evidence
and effective implementation. The present project touches on all these three dimensions
providing an analysis of the world regional, the European and the European National
drug strategies on prevention of drug related problems and the way in which these shape
the quality assurance systems in the European Member States.
Prevention is often associated with provision of information about the risks through, for
example media campaigns. We assessed the evidence-base for media campaign
interventions to prevent the use of illicit drugs and the emerging role of web and text
based interventions to discourage tobacco smoking.
We critically commented on the process at the base of evidence dissemination, e.g. the
development of guidelines, and we proposed that various study designs should be used
to summarize the evidence in support of interventions aimed at changing behaviours.
We concluded with a review of the classical epidemiological study designs to discuss
strength and weaknesses of evaluating prevention and we investigated how often a
method to include evidence from various study designs is used in the systematic reviews
of evidence to promote behavioural changes with the aim of providing acceptable and
feasible recommendations.
This work represents a comprehensive and pragmatic analysis aimed at contributing to a
common understanding of the terminology and processes of evidence-based prevention
interventions with the objective of facilitating the adoption of effective preventive
intervention for drug related problems, and to promote an informed debate about the
methods to evaluate interventions.
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Palavras-chave
Saúde pública Drogas Prevenção Toxicodependência