FCSH: CICS.NOVA - Documentos de conferências internacionais
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- Inter-African Social-Scientific Cooperation in the Era of DecolonizationPublication . Ágoas, Frederico; Castelo, Cláudia; Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais (CICS.NOVA - NOVA FCSH)Studies of trans-imperial cooperation in the scientific field have privileged the first decades of the 20thcentury when the movement was clearly pushed by private and non-governmental actors. There is also a rich literature on the history of the post-war international organizations, the United Nations (UN) and its specialized agencies, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Education, Science and Culture Organization (UNESCO), among other. Still, the coordination of science with foreign policy in the era of decolonization is still largely unexplored. With respect to Africa South of the Sahara, the post Second World War opened a new cycle in the technical and scientific collaboration driven directly by the European colonial empires. This change in the nature, scope and scale of inter-African technical and scientific cooperation has to be understood as part of the post-war state policies for reinvigorating and re-legitimating colonialism trough developmental programs. It also must to be understood within the internationalization of development framework. This article intends to address the history of the Commission for Technical Cooperation in Africa South of the Sahara (CCTA) and its counselling body – the Scientific Council for Africa South of the Sahara (CSA) – from a three-fold perspective: the history of social sciences, the history of diplomacy and the history of late colonialism. Drawing on primary printed sources from the CCTA/CSA and the UNESCO and on archives from the Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Portuguese Overseas Research Board, it is our purpose to re-evaluate how the common aim of reinvigorating and re-legitimating empire in the era of decolonization forged a relation between (Africanist) social scientists and foreign policy officials and diplomats, and to provide new insights into ways social science influenced and was influenced by foreign policy in this specific context.
- Transformaciones de playas por la explotación urbano-turística en las Islas Canarias (España)Publication . Silva, Carlos Pereira da; Departamento de Geografia e Planeamento Regional (DGPR); Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais (CICS.NOVA - NOVA FCSH)En el caso de Canarias, la ocupación humana de las playas ha generado transformaciones ambientales y paisajísticas, y la perdida de sus valores geopatrimoniales. En esta línea, el objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar e identificar tipologías de playas en función de sus características sedimentológicas, el grado de ocupación urbano-turística, y los cambios ambientales y artificialización producidos en los últimos sesenta años en las playas de La Palma, Tenerife y Fuerteventura (islas Canarias, España). Para abordar la caracterización actual se ha utilizado el catálogo general de playas y zonas de baño marítimas de Canarias (las zonas de baño han sido excluidas del estudio) del Gobierno de Canarias. Esta fuente es analizada espacial y estadísticamente utilizando un Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG), y relacionada con variables socioambientales extraídas de fuentes georreferenciadas. También se realiza una caracterización histórica utilizando ortofotos de 1957 y recientes. Los resultados muestran que la cantidad y distribución de los tipos de playas (el tamaño de grano y el color del conjunto de la playa) difiere para cada isla; así mismo, la explotación de la playa depende de su tipología, siendo las playas de arena la más tilizadas como recurso urbano-turístico, y las de cantos y rocas las más transformadas para responder a la demanda de los usuarios. Se discuten los principales factores que han afectado a la evolución de estas y el grado de conservación de las funciones naturales y de sus valores geopatrimoniales.
- Towards an integrated historical sociology of colonial and metropolitan social researchPublication . Ágoas, Frederico; Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais (CICS.NOVA - NOVA FCSH)Building on prior research on the development of agrarian social research in Portugal at the School of Agriculture, from the late 1930s, and on the introduction of the social sciences at the Colonial School in Lisbon and parallel colonial surveys, in the mid-1950s, this paper presents current research on the development of the first systematic Portuguese industrial social research from the 1930s on, next to a private Social Work School, also in Lisbon, and on the development of the first systematic colonial social research in the mid-1940s, next to a local-colonial research center, in so called Portuguese Guinea, to offer a short overview of the parallel (yet converging) pathways of Portuguese colonial and metropolitan social research and its relationship with the institutionalisation of sociology, in the 1960s. Taking into account Portugal’s relative position on the world scene as a semi-peripheral imperial power for most of the 20th century, and the country’s contemporary transition from a backward constitutional monarchy, progressive republic (1910), military dictatorship (1926) and fascist state (1933) to a modern liberal democracy (1974), this paper further suggests the potential paradigmatic reach of the Portuguese case. Far from being a standard story, it nevertheless allows one to explore not only several political, economic, and social contexts, but also the whole spectrum of social environments subject to social research – rural, industrial, and colonial –, and the whole set of actors involved – academic, private, state, and local-colonial. Hence, this paper shall also hopefully contribute to overcome the perceived double divide between disciplinary and governmental histories of social research and sociology, and central and peripheral histories of the same subjects, besides the somehow subsidiary divide between colonial and metropolitan narratives.
- Portuguese colonial sociologyPublication . Ágoas, Frederico; Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais (CICS.NOVA - NOVA FCSH)Following the Second World War, Portugal actively participates in various forums for trans-imperial technical and scientific cooperation. The most important one was the Commission for Technical Cooperation in Africa South of the Sahara (CTCA), which in 1950 brought together the governments of the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, Portugal, Union of South Africa, and Southern Rhodesia. It intervened in several technoscientific and public policy domains and came about as a tentative barrier to UN and US interference in colonial Africa. Also important are the Conférence Internationale des Africanistes de l’Ouest (CIAO), an initiative of the Institut Fondamental d’Afrique Noire (IFAN) which from 1945 onwards united scientists from countries with colonies in Western Africa; and the Institut Internationale des Civilisations Différentes (INCIDI), successor to the International Colonial Institute, an individual-membership organization created in 1894 and renamed after WW2. Overall, these organizations and Portugal’s role within them challenge the country’s supposed isolation from international scientific circles, during this period. This is true in general, but particularly relevant in the social sciences, since it is assumed that Portugal was alienated from this field. Even more so if we contrast this assumption with Portugal’s apparent commitment in these matters. In about ten years, between 1947 and 1957, the Portuguese government is involved in the organization of four conferences totally or partially devoted to the social sciences, three of them in Portuguese territory: the 1947 2nd CIAO in Bissau, the 1955 CCTA Inter-African Conference on Social Sciences in Bukavu; the 1956 6th CIAO in São Tomé; and the 1957 INCIDI 30th session in Lisbon. This paper explores Portugal’s contribution to these conferences in order to systematize the country’s participation in late colonial trans-imperial cooperation in the social sciences and to explore its political motives and the consequences of these dynamics to the general development of those sciences.
- Exploring climate change, agriculture, and food planning nexusPublication . Delgado, Cecília; Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais (CICS.NOVA - NOVA FCSH)This paper explores the following questions:(1) to what extent Climate Adaptive Plans and Strategies– CAPEs – include the increase of local food productionas a way to address the effects of climatechange; (2) Do they consider each step of the foodchain or solely food production; (3) How thosemeasures are transcribed to the planning rules andregulations. A selected group of 14 cities that entereda Portuguese competition ECO XXI aiming to measurecity sustainability achievements was used for empiricalexamination. Results suggest that adaptive measuresrelate to increasing local agriculture, mapping out landavailability or stress the need for local agroecologicalpractices. Moreover, CAPEs measures are predominantlyrelated to agriculture production, leaving behindsubsequent food chain activities. Central conclusionis that even if those measures are, in theory, to betranscribed into planning rules and regulations in comingyears, they remain fragile to transform reality:planner’s awareness to these topics remain insufficientand the links between food, climate and planning arestill missing, or else quite thin.
- Trail Running in Protected AreasPublication . Julião, Rui Pedro; Nogueira Mendes, Ricardo M.; Santos, Teresa; Departamento de Geografia e Planeamento Regional (DGPR); Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais (CICS.NOVA - NOVA FCSH)
- Dialogues, tensions and expectations between urban civic movements and city administrationPublication . Seixas, João; Mota, José; Departamento de Geografia e Planeamento Regional (DGPR); Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais (CICS.NOVA - NOVA FCSH)This article presents a preliminary analysis on the evolutionary framework for new types of in-tersections, dialogues and conflicts between urban administration and civic movements in Por-tugal. The analysis is here based on two case studies developed around urban requalification processes in two central public spaces, in the cities of Lisbon – the Martim Moniz Square – and Aveiro – the Rossio Garden. In these cases, the conflicts and the interconnections between local authorities and social movements have been evolving in very interesting forms. Expressing not only relevant changes occurring on urban civic movements themselves, but also an inevitable although still quite limited and visibly thwarted political culture reconfiguration on urban gov-ernments and its administration.
- A conceptual model to approach Elder Abuse and Neglect in residential care settingsPublication . Gil, Ana Paula; Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais (CICS.NOVA - NOVA FCSH)The purpose of this paper is to discuss a conceptual framework that analyses the relationships between organisational aspects of residential care settings and the interpersonal features of care providers and their relation with the residents´ quality of life. Based on this purpose we would like to discuss how to link long-term care and elder abuse and neglect, through a conceptual model to approach this issue, focusing on a person-centred perspective. The preliminary data were based on self-reported 41 responses of care workers and through observations of daily life practices in three nursing homes in Sintra Council (council of the Metropolitan Area of Lisbon). Therefore, these exploratory approaches were important to improve the conceptual model, due to the lack of conceptual clarification, it allowed to test the instruments and to explore some emerging issues, reveals some preliminary data about elder abuse and neglect, and risk factors. One which we highlighted was the conflicts within work teams and the work conditions of care workers because it is one of the principal factors related mainly with an inadequate care and neglect issues.
- Sustainable post-crisis food systemsPublication . Delgado, Cecília; Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais (CICS.NOVA - NOVA FCSH)The central argument of the present paper is that Urban Agriculture in Portugal is a growing field that has been largely expanding as a result of the effects of the 2008 socio-economic crisis. In addition to a fair number of allotments promoted by some municipalities and institutions, a significant number of short food chains initiatives that share in common the values of the social and solidarity economy are consolidating in a post-crisis scenario, despite the lack of a most needed facilitating public policy. Such initiatives are paving the way to shift from Urban Agriculture as an answer to the effects of the crisis, in the European peripheries, towards a full fledge postcrisis emergent sector. In summary those innovative initiatives can contribute to establish positive bridges to re-search and exchange on how public policies could contribute to building better food systems in Europe.
- Cambio climático, suelo, erosión y desertificaciónPublication . Calvo-Cases, A.; Roxo, Maria; Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais (CICS.NOVA - NOVA FCSH)
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