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Publicação
"Ilítia Ciborguina": o parto ativo à luz da atuação de parteiras e doulas brasileiras nos medias digitais
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O foco desta investigação é um estudo sobre como o parto ativo se constitui nos medias digitais, a partir da atuação de parteiras e de doulas brasileiras, e de que maneira esses dois grupos de mulheres acionam as demandas ciberativistas sobre a causa do parto ativo no Brasil, notadamente no terreno das redes sociais. No Brasil, a cultura contemporânea naturaliza a dimensão do humano, através da adesão ao mundo virtual, a qual inaugura e potencializa um novo status existencial. No contexto dessas novas configurações socioculturais e comunicacionais, a pesquisa procurou analisar, sob a ótica da atuação de parteiras e de doulas, as relações entre o fenômeno do parto ativo e o do ciberativismo nos medias digitais e construir o perfil sociodemográfico dos sujeitos da pesquisa; descrever a concepção de parteiras e doulas brasileiras sobre o fenômeno do parto ativo e averiguar o movimento dessas mulheres articulado a ações ciberativistas. A partir da construção de fundamentos conceituais em Haraway (2013), procuramos construir bases para compreender o ciborgue e suas implicações no cotidiano dos sujeitos. A tese que norteou a investigação foi: o parto ativo é uma causa, que fomenta a atuação de parteiras e de doulas brasileiras nos medias digitais, mas que não se caracteriza como ciberativismo. Em termos metodológicos, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo, subsidiada pela abordagem quali-quantitativa. Por meio da Rede Brasileira de Humanização do Nascimento (ReHuNa), identificamos, em um universo de 1099 sujeitos, entre parteiras e doulas, uma amostra com 211 respondentes - 166 doulas, nove parteiras e 36 respondentes, que não se identificaram nem como parteiras nem como doulas. Como principal instrumento de coleta de dados, foi utilizado um questionário com 59 questões. Através de correlações entre algumas variáveis, recorremos à análise de conteúdo de Bardin (1977) para interpretar os resultados qualitativos. Os resultados apontaram algumas contradições na relação dos sujeitos com o fenômeno e alguns indícios de que as parteiras e as doulas brasileiras emergem numa realidade virtual com um ‘ethos ciborguiano’, na medida em que se propõem à missão de ‘servir’ e ressignificam sua forma de existir nas redes digitais.
The present research focuses on a study about how active birth is constituted in the digital media, from the performance of Brazilian midwives and doulas, in which way these two groups of women, trigger the cyber-activist demands about the cause of the active birth in Brazil, especially in the field of social networks. In this context, contemporary culture naturalizes the dimension of the human, through adherence / adherence to the virtual world, inaugurating and enhancing a new existential status. In the context of these new socio-cultural and communication configurations, the research sought to analyze, through the midwives and doulas, the relationships between the phenomenon of active birth and cyber-activism in digital media; also sought to build the socio-demographic profile of the research subjects; describing the conception of Brazilian midwives and doulas about the phenomenon of active birth, verifying the movement of midwives and doulas articulated to cyber-activist actions. From the construction of conceptual foundations in Haraway (2013) we seek to build bases for the understanding of the cyborg and its implications in the subjects' daily lives. The thesis that guided the investigation was: active labor is a cause, which encourages the performance of Brazilian midwives and doulas in digital media, but is not characterized as cyber-exploitation. Methodologically, a field research was carried out, subsidized by the qualitative-quantitative approach, where through the Brazilian Network of Humanization of Birth, ReHuNa, it was possible to identify a sample of 1099 subjects, among midwives and doulas, as subjects of the research with 211 respondents, of whom 166 doulas, 9 midwives, and the other 36 respondents, who identified themselves neither as midwives nor as doulas. As a main instrument of data collection, a questionnaire was used with 59 questions, and through correlations between some variables, we searched through content analysis (Bardin, 1977) for the interpretation of qualitative results. As results, some contradictions in the subjects' relationship with the phenomenon were outlined, as well as in some tendencies, some introductory elements were pointed out to affirm that Brazilian midwives and doulas emerge in a virtual reality with a 'cyborgian ethos', as far as in which they propose to the mission to 'serve', even rename their way of existing in digital networks.
The present research focuses on a study about how active birth is constituted in the digital media, from the performance of Brazilian midwives and doulas, in which way these two groups of women, trigger the cyber-activist demands about the cause of the active birth in Brazil, especially in the field of social networks. In this context, contemporary culture naturalizes the dimension of the human, through adherence / adherence to the virtual world, inaugurating and enhancing a new existential status. In the context of these new socio-cultural and communication configurations, the research sought to analyze, through the midwives and doulas, the relationships between the phenomenon of active birth and cyber-activism in digital media; also sought to build the socio-demographic profile of the research subjects; describing the conception of Brazilian midwives and doulas about the phenomenon of active birth, verifying the movement of midwives and doulas articulated to cyber-activist actions. From the construction of conceptual foundations in Haraway (2013) we seek to build bases for the understanding of the cyborg and its implications in the subjects' daily lives. The thesis that guided the investigation was: active labor is a cause, which encourages the performance of Brazilian midwives and doulas in digital media, but is not characterized as cyber-exploitation. Methodologically, a field research was carried out, subsidized by the qualitative-quantitative approach, where through the Brazilian Network of Humanization of Birth, ReHuNa, it was possible to identify a sample of 1099 subjects, among midwives and doulas, as subjects of the research with 211 respondents, of whom 166 doulas, 9 midwives, and the other 36 respondents, who identified themselves neither as midwives nor as doulas. As a main instrument of data collection, a questionnaire was used with 59 questions, and through correlations between some variables, we searched through content analysis (Bardin, 1977) for the interpretation of qualitative results. As results, some contradictions in the subjects' relationship with the phenomenon were outlined, as well as in some tendencies, some introductory elements were pointed out to affirm that Brazilian midwives and doulas emerge in a virtual reality with a 'cyborgian ethos', as far as in which they propose to the mission to 'serve', even rename their way of existing in digital networks.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Medias digitais Doulas Parteiras Ações ciberativistas Parto ativo Active birth Midwives Digital media Cyber-activist actions