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Integration of ecosystem services in spatial planning: a mixed methods approach
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| 10.82 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Land-use and land cover (LULC) changes are an important driver of global ecosystem
change, with consequences in terms of biodiversity and the benefits
humans get from nature, known as ecosystem services (ES). Spatial planning, a
process dealing with the spatial expression of human activities in an integrated
way, supported by instruments like Strategic Environmental Assessment, can
play an important role in balancing those activities against their consequences.
Although literature on ES is growing considerably, some of it covering the
planning context, a coherent and integrated approach for practical application
of the ES concept in spatial planning and decision-making is still needed, while
knowledge gaps and challenges remain. This research aims at expanding current
knowledge on the integration of ES in spatial planning. Through a mixed
methods approach, firstly a profile of ES integration was drawn, based on a
questionnaire survey and document analysis covering European to regional
levels, using Portugal as example. Then, a set of relevant ES and drivers of
change was identified through a participatory approach, with the Lisbon Metropolitan
Area as case study. Subsequently, alternative scenarios of future
LULC and ES changes driven by combined demographic and urban development
patterns were explored. The profile revealed mismatches between ES integration
as perceived by planning stakeholders and as found in planning documents,
where integration (mainly implicit) needs improvement. The scenario
exercise suggested that land take can be minimized through spatial planning,
but effects on ES might be mixed. A conceptual framework for ES integration in
spatial planning is proposed, based on the insights gained. Recommendations
for further research and planning practice mainly concern broadening the range of stakeholders involved, the stages of stakeholder involvement and the scope
of document analysis, as well as exploring more extreme scenario assumptions
and adding ES demand to the supply analysis.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
ecosystem services land-use and land cover change spatial planning strategic environmental assessment stakeholder engagement mixed methods