A carregar...
Publicação
A Marinha portuguesa entre guerras : 1919-1939. Política Naval e política externa
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.46 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Esta tese de doutoramento analisa a política naval portuguesa no período entre as
guerras mundiais do século XX, por intermédio das influências domésticas e
internacionais, e os seus efeitos na política externa. Com base no desenvolvimento de
um conjunto de variáveis selecionadas no âmbito da Marinha Portuguesa, pretende-se
conferir a política externa em situações de transição política, atestando a continuidade
dos desígnios nacionais de Portugal.
O fundamento teórico ancora a importância de fatores domésticos na formulação da
política externa, assim como na perceção dos decisores políticos e dos governantes
face ao poder material relativo do Estado, às ameaças a que este está sujeito num
ambiente não cooperativo, e aos diferentes incidentes em confronto, quer de natureza
doméstica quer de natureza externa. Para a avaliação dos cenários doméstico e internacional, têm especial relevância as
narrativas sobre o período contemporâneo, em particular as que se referem à aliança
inglesa, ao posicionamento prudente em relação à Espanha e à ligação com o Brasil. É
neste âmbito que avaliamos o poder naval português. Através da análise às estruturas
orgânicas e aos recursos humanos da Marinha no período 1919-1939, detetámos
tendências relacionadas com o exercício da política doméstica ao passo que o
escrutínio dos recursos financeiros e o peso da esquadra permitiram aferir formantes
próprios da evolução da política externa.
Assim, o envolvimento dos recursos financeiros e dos navios seria bastante para
conhecer a interação entre a política naval e a política externa, ou o reflexo daquela
política nesta última, mas insuficiente para reconhecer as iniciativas dos dirigentes
políticos tendo em vista a ação da Marinha e dos seus militares na política doméstica.
A análise realizada permite inferir que os três pilares de reflexão: as narrativas do
cenário político, os dados organizacionais relativos à estrutura da Marinha e ao seu
financiamento e, finalmente, os elementos instrumentais relativos à definição da
política externa e oriundos do MNE, desmascaram o malogro das políticas destinadas à
edificação de uma expressão naval credível no período entre guerras.
This dissertation examines Portuguese naval policy between the two World Wars of the 20th century through a discussion of domestic and international influences and its effects in foreign policy. The aim is to discuss foreign policy in a political transition situation, showing the consistency of the Portuguese national purposes according to the development of a set of selected variables in the framework of the Portuguese navy. The theoretical basis anchors the significance of domestic factors in the formulation of foreign policy, as well as its impact in the perception of political decision-makers on the state relative material power, and the threats to which it is subject in a noncooperative environment. The narratives around the contemporary period, in particular those concerning the English alliance, the cautious positioning with Spain, and the close ties with Brazil, are of particular relevance, for the assessment of domestic and external scenario. This is the context in which we measure Portuguese naval power. In the 1919-1939 period, by analyzing the organizational structures and human resources, we noted patterns related to the practice of domestic politics, while the financial resources examination and the fleet of war ships allowed for the evaluation of foreign policy elements. Thereby, if the engagement of financial resources and the fleet would be enough to understand the linkage between naval policy and foreign policy, or their co-influence, it is not sufficient to recognize the initiatives of the political representatives, bearing in mind navy action and that of its corps in political affairs. The analysis allows for the inference that the three pillars: the narratives of the political scenario, the organizational data related to the navy structure and its financing and, finally, the instrumental elements related to foreign policy, deriving from Foreign Office, uncover the failure of the policies aimed at establishing a reliable naval power in the inter-war years.
This dissertation examines Portuguese naval policy between the two World Wars of the 20th century through a discussion of domestic and international influences and its effects in foreign policy. The aim is to discuss foreign policy in a political transition situation, showing the consistency of the Portuguese national purposes according to the development of a set of selected variables in the framework of the Portuguese navy. The theoretical basis anchors the significance of domestic factors in the formulation of foreign policy, as well as its impact in the perception of political decision-makers on the state relative material power, and the threats to which it is subject in a noncooperative environment. The narratives around the contemporary period, in particular those concerning the English alliance, the cautious positioning with Spain, and the close ties with Brazil, are of particular relevance, for the assessment of domestic and external scenario. This is the context in which we measure Portuguese naval power. In the 1919-1939 period, by analyzing the organizational structures and human resources, we noted patterns related to the practice of domestic politics, while the financial resources examination and the fleet of war ships allowed for the evaluation of foreign policy elements. Thereby, if the engagement of financial resources and the fleet would be enough to understand the linkage between naval policy and foreign policy, or their co-influence, it is not sufficient to recognize the initiatives of the political representatives, bearing in mind navy action and that of its corps in political affairs. The analysis allows for the inference that the three pillars: the narratives of the political scenario, the organizational data related to the navy structure and its financing and, finally, the instrumental elements related to foreign policy, deriving from Foreign Office, uncover the failure of the policies aimed at establishing a reliable naval power in the inter-war years.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Política naval Interguerras Marinha portuguesa Política naval Política externa Portuguese navy Naval policy Foreign policy