FCSH: IFILNOVA - Livros internacionais
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- An Introduction to Logical PositivismPublication . Oya , Alberto; Instituto de Filosofia da NOVA (IFILNOVA)The verifiability principle was the characteristic claim of a group of thinkers who called themselves the Vienna Circle and who formed the philosophical movement now known as logical positivism. The verifiability principle is an empiricist criterion of meaning which declares that only statements that are verifiable by —i.e., logically deducible from— observational statements are cognitively meaningful. This essay is a short introduction to the philosophical movement of logical positivism and its formulation of the verifiability principle. Its primary aim is to provide students of philosophy with an accessible first overview of this philosophical movement. After pointing out some aspects of the philosophical background of logical positivism (section 1), I will comment on the reasoning that lead these authors to formulate the verifiability principle (section 2), and I will analyse the debate about how to understand observational language and how observational statements (the so-called ‘protocol statements’) are verified (section 3). I will also comment on the two main consequences of accepting the verifiability principle: the conception of philosophy as the task of logical analysis and the project of unified science (section 4), and I will explain the different views on ethical language defended by logical positivists (section 5). I will end this essay by identifying the main problems of the verifiability principle and I will explain the core ideas of Carnap’s confirmability criterion, which attempts to resolve these problems (section 6 and 7).
- Unconscious/TelevisionPublication . Ferraço Nassif, Lucas; Instituto de Filosofia da NOVA (IFILNOVA)
- The Semi-Future DemocracyPublication . Santos Campos, André; Instituto de Filosofia da NOVA (IFILNOVA)
- Missing LinksPublication . Ferraço Nassif, Lucas; Instituto de Filosofia da NOVA (IFILNOVA)
- Risk and Responsibility in ContextPublication . Placani, Adriana; Broadhead, Stearns; Instituto de Filosofia da NOVA (IFILNOVA)This volume bridges contemporary philosophical conceptions of risk and responsibility and offers an extensive examination of the topic. It shows that risk and responsibility combine in ways that give rise to new philosophical questions and problems. Philosophical interest in the relationship between risk and responsibility continues to rise, due in no small part to environmental crises, emerging technologies, legal developments, and new medical advances. Despite such interest, scholars are still working out how to conceive of the links between risk and responsibility, the implications that risks may have to conceptions of responsibility (and vice versa), as well as how such theorizing might play out in applied cases. With contributions from leading scholars, this volume brings together new work examining the interplay between risk and responsibility, exploring its varied philosophical aspects and applications to contemporary issues in law, bioethics, technology, and environmental ethics. Risk and Responsibility in Context will be of interest to philosophers working in ethics, bioethics, philosophy of law, and philosophy of technology, as well as scholars and practitioners in law, health and science management, public policy, and environmental studies. The Open Access version of this book is available at www.taylorfrancis.com. This publication is licensed, unless otherwise indicated, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate any modifications. Use for commercial purposes is not permitted.
- Contextual Meaning and Theory DependencePublication . Rast, Erich; Instituto de Filosofia da NOVA (IFILNOVA)An overview of linguistic context dependence is given and it is argued that an approach is needed that considers interpretation an inference from truthconditionally incomplete to more speci€c contents. However, the theory dependence of idiolects and concepts is another context dependence that poses philosophical problems. It is argued that these are worst for global holism of idiolects and concepts. Since local holism is more tenable, and rational agents also need to have the ability to compartmentalize mutually incompatible theories, the theory dependence of meaning is less problematic than it might appear at €rst glance.
- Essays on Values and Practical RationalityPublication . Marques, António; Sàágua, João; Departamento de Filosofia (DEF); Instituto de Filosofia da NOVA (IFILNOVA)The essays presented here are the outcome of research carried out by members of IFILNOVA (Institute for Philosophy of New University of Lisbon) in 2016. The IFILNOVA Permanent Seminar seeks to show how values are relevant to humans (both socially and individually). This seminar is the ‘place’ where different research will converge towards a unified viewpoint. This includes the discussion of the following questions: What is the philosophical contribution to current affairs and decisions that depend crucially on values? Can philosophy make a difference, namely by bringing practical reason to bear on these affairs and decision? And how to do it? Which are our scientific ‘allies’ in this enterprise; psychology, communication sciences, even sociology and history? This volume shows the connection between practical rationality and values and covers the dimensions ethics, aesthetics and politics.
- International Development and Human AidPublication . De Angelis, Gabriele; Barcelos, Paulo; Instituto de Filosofia da NOVA (IFILNOVA)