FCSH: DF - Artigos em revista internacional com arbitragem científica
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- Global capitalism crisis fueling coups and instability in AfricaPublication . Alhinho, Júlia; Departamento de Filosofia (DEF); Frontiers MediaIn this paper, I try to show that the recent surge of coups in Africa, like past surges, rather than resulting from cultural factors, is closely linked with the cyclic crisis of capitalism to which Africa is especially vulnerable, compounded by inadequate decolonization and by structural adjustment programs imposed by the leaders of economic globalization. Looking into the instances of coups in the African continent over the past 50 years and the history of global capitalism, I try to show that there is a pattern of coups matching capitalism crisis. I will look into the example of Guinea-Bissau to show this linkage between crisis and coups and the incidental and adaptive role of the military and political elites in the context of economic globalization. Political instability and violent takeover of political authority in Africa and beyond- are, therefore, a symptom of what has gone wrong with neoliberal globalization. Like Rodrik, I conclude that this has placed humanity before the trilemma: economic globalization, democracy and national sovereignty cannot be achieved simultaneously. To overcome it, there is a need for unfettered public debate on what form of global governance we want.
- Authentic questions as prompts for productive and constructive sequencesPublication . Rapanta, Chrysi; Macagno, Fabrizio; Instituto de Filosofia da NOVA (IFILNOVA); Departamento de Filosofia (DEF); University Library System, University of PittsburghGoal. The problem of the authenticity of teacher questions has not received sufficient attention from educational researchers interested in the intersection between dialogue and argumentation. In this paper, we adopt a definition of authentic questions as dialogical units that prompt teacher-student interactions that are both productive (i.e., several students participating) and constructive (i.e., students produce arguments of high complexity). Our goal is to analyze whether and how specific types of dialogue prompts can encourage students’ engagement in more sophisticated argumentative interactions, as manifested through the construction of high-complexity arguments. Method. We describe the implementation of our analytical approach to a large corpus of classroom interactions from five European countries. The corpus was segmented into dialogical sequences, which were then coded according to the argumentation dialogue goal expressed in the sequence. We also coded students’ arguments according to Toulmin’s elements and distinguished between low- and high-complexity arguments from a structural point of view. Findings. Our findings show the predominance of the so-called Discovery questions as prompts that are both productive and constructive and Inquiry questions as prompts of argumentative constructive interactions. We discuss the importance of these findings for teacher professional development purposes.
- Frege contra KantPublication . Venturinha, N; Departamento de Filosofia (DEF); Instituto de Filosofia da NOVA (IFILNOVA); Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaThis paper addresses Frege’s reaction to Kant and questions an influential interpretation, championed by Jim Conant, according to which Frege endorses the essential tenets of Kant’s philosophy, namely his avant la lettre anti-psychologistic conception of pure logic. I argue that there are deep differences in point of view between them, which fuel their well-known disagreement about the nature of arithmetic, and that Frege’s rejection of some of the fundamental premises of Kantian epistemology led him to a quite distinct form of anti-psychologism. At the centre of the Frege-Kant dispute lies a completely different understanding of objectivity, which in Frege’s eyes must not be conceived as an expression of our taking to be true, as results from Kant’s framework.
- Uma certa falta de urbanidadePublication . Mayer Branco, Maria Joao; Departamento de Filosofia (DEF); Instituto de Filosofia da NOVA (IFILNOVA); Con-Textos KantianosThis paper explores Kant's ambivalent views on music. It aims to show, on the one hand, how these ambivalences arc in line with the modem philosophical reflection on this art; on the other hand, to show their place within Kantian aesthetics, a place that justifies Kant's hesitations as whether to classify music as beautiful or agreeable, art or mere enjoyment, free or dependent beauty, culture or nature.