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Acoustic fish community in a biogeographic transition zone of the Northeast Atlantic
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Resumo(s)
Fish sounds are a significant component of marine soundscapes. Recently, passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) arose as a promising tool for ecological monitoring, but a good characterization of fish acoustic communities is still needed. This study is the first to characterize the fish acoustic community at a biogeographic transition zone in the Northeast Atlantic. The research was conducted in a marine protected area (MPA) along the Portuguese mainland coast. Based on a literature review, we identified 29 (19.3%) sound-producing fish species present at this MPA, while 70 species (46.7%) were considered potentially soniferous. Using in situ acoustic recordings to detect potential fish sounds, we found 33 putative fish sounds that were categorized using a simple dichotomous classification. The temporal and spectral features of the 13 most prevalent sound types were characterized and compared among them and with available recordings to identify similarities. Finally, hydrophone recordings coupled with baited remote underwater video systems were tested as a method to identify sound sources. This study provides the first fish sound catalogue from the Portuguese mainland coast, laying the foundations to survey fish communities in coastal habitats with PAM.
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Funding Information:
Collection of the Professor Luiz Saldanha Marine Park’s dataset was conducted with the support of the Project LIFE06NAT/P/192 (BIOMARES), funded by the European Union LIFE Program and co-funded by the cement company SECIL, Companhia de Cal e Cimentos S.A., Portugal (0000192-INFORBIOMARES POSEUR-03-2215-FC-000047), and the logistic support of the Institute for Nature Conservation and Forests (ICNF) for making the boat available for field trips. For Arrábida in mainland Portugal, the fauna reported by the BIOMARES-BIOMARES 2.0 LIFE 06 NAT/P/0000192-INFORBIOMARES POSEUR-03-2215-FC-000047 project was used. This study was funded by the Science and Technology Foundation, I.P. (FCT), Portugal: strategic projects UID/BIA/00 329/2020 granted to CE3C, UIDP/04 292/2020, and UIDB/04292/2020 (10.54499/UIDB/04292/2020) granted to MARE and LA/P/0069/2020 (10.54499/LA/P/0069/2020) to the Associate Laboratory ARNET. N.R.R. was funded by an FCT internship from MARE (UI/BD/150 958/2021). M.P.P. was funded by FCT and FCUL through researcher contract DL57/2016/CP1479/CT0020.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of International Council for the Exploration of the Sea.
Palavras-chave
Acoustic communication Fish sounds Marine protected areas Marine soundscape Passive acoustic monitoring Professor Luiz Saldanha Marine Park Sound catalogue Oceanography Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Aquatic Science Ecology SDG 14 - Life Below Water