A carregar...
Publicação
Para que Marte não afugente as Musas. A Política Cultural Alemã em Portugal e o Intercâmbio (1933-1945)
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.4 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O objeto de estudo desta tese é a política cultural alemã em Portugal durante o regime nacional-socialista. Procuraremos demonstrar que a ciência e a cultura “alemãs” foram a estratégia utilizada para alcançar uma hegemonia política e ideológica. Esta diplomacia, que recorria aos institutos culturais, a sociedades bilaterais, às escolas alemãs, ao intercâmbio de técnicos, professores, estudantes, artistas, ou intelectuais, à troca de livros, à organização de conferências e exposições, escondia um imperialismo de cariz económico e político, que a Alemanha pretendia impor a Portugal. Escolhemos como estudo de caso o intercâmbio académico. Dado que a JEN e o IAC foram as instituições que, em Portugal, mais promoveram o intercâmbio cultural e científico, desde cedo os alemães delineram uma estratégia de aproximação a ambas, que visava a intensificação do intercâmbio académico com Portugal. Com recurso ao arquivo histórico do Instituto Camões, que herdou a documentação de ambas as instituições, estudámos o intercâmbio entre os dois países, analisando, nomeadamente, as bolsas concedidas para serem usufruídas na Alemanha. Por fim, escolhemos um grupo de bolseiros que estagiou na Alemanha, de forma a rastrear as redes científicas – individuais e institucionais - que uniram os dois países, e compreender os processos de influência e de transferência do conhecimento. Tratou-se, no fundo, de acompanhar a circulação, a transferência e apropriação de conhecimentos científicos, de técnicas e metodologias num ambiente transnacional.
This thesis aims to understand the Nazi cultural policy in Portugal. We seek to demonstrate that the "German" science and culture were employed as part of a strategy aimed at achieving a political and ideological hegemony. This diplomacy, which used cultural institutions, bilateral societies, German schools, the exchange of technicians, teachers, students, artists, or intellectuals, the exchange of books, conferences and exhibitions, hid Germany’s economic and political ambitions. Among the various aspects of the cultural relationship between Portugal and Germany, we chose the academic exchange as a case study. Since the Portuguese National Board of Education (JEN) and the Institute for High Culture (IAC) were the institutions that promoted in Portugal, the cultural and scientific exchange, Germany approached them early, in order to intensify the academic exchange with Portugal. Using the historical archive of the Camões’ Institute, an institution that inherited JEN's and IAC’s historical archives, we studied the exchanges between the two countries, analyzing in particular the scholarships awarded to Portuguese academics to study in Germany. Finally, we chose a group of scholars who studied in Germany, in order to trace the scientific networks - individual and institutional - which crossed the two countries, and to understand the knowledge transfers and its appropriations.
This thesis aims to understand the Nazi cultural policy in Portugal. We seek to demonstrate that the "German" science and culture were employed as part of a strategy aimed at achieving a political and ideological hegemony. This diplomacy, which used cultural institutions, bilateral societies, German schools, the exchange of technicians, teachers, students, artists, or intellectuals, the exchange of books, conferences and exhibitions, hid Germany’s economic and political ambitions. Among the various aspects of the cultural relationship between Portugal and Germany, we chose the academic exchange as a case study. Since the Portuguese National Board of Education (JEN) and the Institute for High Culture (IAC) were the institutions that promoted in Portugal, the cultural and scientific exchange, Germany approached them early, in order to intensify the academic exchange with Portugal. Using the historical archive of the Camões’ Institute, an institution that inherited JEN's and IAC’s historical archives, we studied the exchanges between the two countries, analyzing in particular the scholarships awarded to Portuguese academics to study in Germany. Finally, we chose a group of scholars who studied in Germany, in order to trace the scientific networks - individual and institutional - which crossed the two countries, and to understand the knowledge transfers and its appropriations.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Relações Luso-Alemãs António Pereira de Sousa da Câmara Política Cultural Intercâmbio Académico Alemanha Nacional-Socialista Estado Novo Junta de Educação Nacional/Instituto para a Alta Cultura Aurélio Quintanilha German-Portuguese Relations National Board of Education/Institute for High Culture Cultural Policy Academic Exchange Nazi Germany New State