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Biopolymers Derived from Forest Biomass for the Sustainable Textile Industry
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Resumo(s)
In line with environmental awareness movements and social concerns, the textile industry is prioritizing sustainability in its strategic planning, product decisions, and brand initiatives. The use of non-biodegradable materials, obtained from non-renewable sources, contributes heavily to environmental pollution throughout the textile production chain. As sustainable alternatives, considerable efforts are being made to incorporate biodegradable biopolymers derived from residual biomass, with reasonable production costs, to replace or reduce the use of synthetic petrochemical-based polymers. However, the commercial deployment of these biopolymers is dependent on high biomass availability and a cost-effective supply. Residual forest biomass, with lignocellulosic composition and seasonably available at low cost, constitutes an attractive renewable resource that might be used as raw material. Thus, this review aims at carrying out a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature on the use of residual forest biomass as a source of new biomaterials for the textile industry, identifying current gaps or problems. Three specific biopolymers are considered: lignin that is recovered from forest biomass, and the bacterial biopolymers poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) and bacterial cellulose (BC), which can be produced from sugar-rich hydrolysates derived from the polysaccharide fractions of forest biomass. Lignin, PHA, and BC can find use in textile applications, for example, to develop fibers or technical textiles, thus replacing the currently used synthetic materials. This approach will considerably contribute to improving the sustainability of the textile industry by reducing the amount of non-biodegradable materials upon disposal of textiles, reducing their environmental impact. Moreover, the integration of residual forest biomass as renewable raw material to produce advanced biomaterials for the textile industry is consistent with the principles of the circular economy and the bioeconomy and offers potential for the development of innovative materials for this industry.
Descrição
Funding Information:
This research was funded by Integrated Project be@t—Textile Bioeconomy, to strengthen the National Bioeconomy, financed by the Environmental Fund through Component 12—Promotion of Sustainable Bioeconomy (Investment TC-C12-i01—Sustainable Bioeconomy No. 02/C12- i01.01/2022) and Carla J. Silva is responsible for this fund. This work was financed by national funds from FCT/MCTES—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior, in the scope of the projects UIDP/04378/2020 and UIDB/04378/2020 of the Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences—UCIBIO, project LA/P/0140/202019 of the Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy—i4HB. Thomas Rodrigues acknowledge FCT I.P. for PhD Grant 2023.03035.BD.
The financial support by project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, UIDB/50011/2020 (DOI 10.54499/UIDB/50011/2020), UIDP/50011/2020 (DOI 10.54499/UIDP/50011/2020) & LA/P/0006/2020 (DOI 10.54499/LA/P/0006/
Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 by the authors.
Palavras-chave
bacterial cellulose biomaterials circular economy forest biomass lignin poly(hydroxyalkanoates) sustainability textile industry Forestry SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy SDG 8 - Decent Work and Economic Growth SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production