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As bilharzioses humanas em África, estado actual dos principais conhecimentos sobre o assunto
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Foi crença geral durante muitos anos que as bilharzioses humanas constituíam entre as populações nativas de África doenças endémicas de somenos importância. Ainda hoje mesmo há quem considere dentre a elevada taxa de infectados um número mínimo de doentes em contraste com o grande número de simples portadores dos vermes causais.
À medida, porém, que estudos prosseguem sobre a matéria, verifica-se que as bilharzioses, tendo estado, pode dizer-se até há poucos anos, entregues às suas .próprias condições de expansão, têm naturalmente tendência a dispersar-se e a ocasionar, pelas possibilidades de reinfecções contínuas, manifestações sucessivamente mais evidentes e graves.
Trabalhos diversos vêm, por outro lado, demonstrando que o estado de equilíbrio em que as populações nativas de África vivem com as bilharzioses não é senão aparente e que é susceptível de se romper perante qualquer esforço mais invulgar que lhes seja exigido.
Algumas observações demonstram ainda que nos países de endemia estas doenças constituem um problema de saúde pública apenas excedido em importância pelo paludismo, nos seus efeitos deletérios tanto no ponto de vista económico como social ( F aust, 1952).
For many years, it was generally believed that human bilharzia was an endemic disease of minor importance among the native populations of Africa. Even today, there are those who consider that, among the high rate of infected individuals, there are only a minimal number of patients in contrast to the large number of simple carriers of the causative worms. However, as studies on the subject continue, it has been found that bilharzia, which until a few years ago was left to spread on its own, naturally tends to disperse and, due to the possibility of continuous reinfection, cause increasingly evident and serious manifestations. On the other hand, various studies have shown that the state of equilibrium in which the native populations of Africa live with bilharzia is only apparent and that it is likely to be disrupted by any unusual effort required of them. Some observations also show that in endemic countries, these diseases constitute a public health problem surpassed in importance only by malaria, in terms of their deleterious effects from both an economic and social point of view (F aust, 1952).
For many years, it was generally believed that human bilharzia was an endemic disease of minor importance among the native populations of Africa. Even today, there are those who consider that, among the high rate of infected individuals, there are only a minimal number of patients in contrast to the large number of simple carriers of the causative worms. However, as studies on the subject continue, it has been found that bilharzia, which until a few years ago was left to spread on its own, naturally tends to disperse and, due to the possibility of continuous reinfection, cause increasingly evident and serious manifestations. On the other hand, various studies have shown that the state of equilibrium in which the native populations of Africa live with bilharzia is only apparent and that it is likely to be disrupted by any unusual effort required of them. Some observations also show that in endemic countries, these diseases constitute a public health problem surpassed in importance only by malaria, in terms of their deleterious effects from both an economic and social point of view (F aust, 1952).
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Bilharzioses humanas
Contexto Educativo
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Instituto de Medicina Tropical