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A endemia tuberculosa na Lunda e Songo, índice tuberculino
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Os autores, dentro do plano de luta anti-tuberculosa na Lunda e Songo, que vem sendo desenvolvida pela Companhia de Diamantes de Angola, dão conta dos resultados de 15.729 intradermo-reacções à tuberculina em indígenas do nordeste angolano e, embora considerando a prospecção efectuada ainda muito incompleta, chegam às seguintes conclusões:
1.ª. - As taxas de infecção crescem progressivamente da nascença até à idade adulta, sendo esse crescimento mais acentuado até aos 15 anos e, sobretudo, na primeira década da vida. A taxa média anual de primo-infecção tem valores decrescentes nas três primeiras décadas da vida de 2,5 % a 1 %.
2.ª - A partir dos 25 anos o número de primo-infecções é pequeno.
3.ª - Apenas a partir dos 16 anos há diferença nas primo-infecções segundo o sexo, pois continuam no masculino e são pouco numerosas no feminino.
4.ª - Na idade adulta a percentagem de alérgicos positivos masculinos é quase dupla da dos femininos.
5.ª - Interpretam-se os factos precedentes pelas condições peculiares da vida indígena, que fazem com que os indivíduos jovens de ambos os sexos e os adultos femininos sofram os seus contágios no ambiente familiar e da aldeia (contágios endógenos), enquanto a estes se somam os dos meios estranhos àqueles, em particular dos ambientes de trabalho colectivo e de relações mais largas, que exercem sua acção sobre os adultos masculinos.
6.ª - Da comparação das taxas regionais puderam apreciar e estabelecer a influência dos seguintes factores na disseminação da tuberculose na Lunda e Songo:
a) No momento presente, uma repartição desigual dos focos de infecção, mais relacionada com o modo de vida que com diferença de constituição étnica e física.
b) A influência da civilização europeia na vida indígena como agente favorecedor da disseminação da tuberculose.
c) A importância dos centros de grande densidade populacional, atraídos pela actividade industrial com a promiscuidade inerente, que causa maiores taxas nos locais de colonização europeia mais activa.
d) Todavia considerando de capital importância na luta contra a tuberculose da Lunda e Songo o aumento do standard de vida indígena (melhoria física, da nutrição, das condições higiénicas gerais, do combate a doenças intercorrentes agudas e crónicas, etc.), ponderadas as razões peculiares económicas, geográficas, etnográficas, sociais, culturais, etc., julgam a sua acção lenta e incompleta, pelo que, embora sempre ·catalogando de imprescindível esse desiderato, propõem acompanhá-lo e ultrapassá-lo em urgência com outros meios mais activos de luta contra a endemia (vacinação, pesquisa e tratamento dos casos, em particular dos abertos.
The authors, within the plan of antituberculosis campaign in Lunda and Songo, which is being accomplished by the Angola Diamond Company (Companhia de Diamantes de Angola). give notice of the results obtained in 15,729 intra dermo reactions to tuberculin made in natives of the northe·ast part of Angola, and though considering the prospection carried out, so far, very incomplete, have come to the following conclusions: 1. - Infection rates grow progressively from birth to mature age, this growth being more prominent until the fifteens and mainly in the first decade of life. The annual average rate of primo-infection is expressed in decreasing values for the first three decades of life, from 2,5 % to 1 %. 2. - On and after the twenty .five years, the number of primo-infection is small. 3. - Only after the sixteens there is some difference in primo-infections according to the sexes: they are steady in males and very few in females. 4. ln adult age, the percentage of positive allergic males is almost the double of feminine ones. 5. - Precedent facts are interpreted in the light of peculiar conditions of native life, which compel young people from both sexes and feminine adults to suffer contamination in family and village sorroundings (endogenous contamination), and in addition to the one of foreign sorroundings, in particular due to collective working conditions and a more vast human intercourse, which exert their action on male adults. 6. - From the comparison of regional rates, they could appreciate and establish the influence of the following factors in the dissemination of tuberculosis in Lunda and Songo: a. ) ln the present moroent, an irregular repartition of infection seams more related to the ways of life than due to differences of etnical or physical constitution. b) The influence of European civilization in native life as a favourable agent to the dissemination of tuberculosis. c) The importance of centers with a high density of population, the attraction of industrial activities, with their inevitable promiscuity, are causes for the higher rates registered in places where European colonization is more active. d) Notwithstanding, considering of capital importance, in the action against tuberculosis in Lunda and Songo, the raising of the native standard of living (by improvement of physical conditions, nutrition, general hygienic conditions, action against acute and chronic intercurrent diseases, etc.) , contemplated the peculiar economic, geographic, ethnological, social and cultural reasons, etc., they consider their action slow ,and incomplete, and though listing as indispensable such desideratum, they propose to attend to it and to outrun it, immediately, by more active means of action against the endemy (vaccination, research and treatment of cases, particularly open ones) .
The authors, within the plan of antituberculosis campaign in Lunda and Songo, which is being accomplished by the Angola Diamond Company (Companhia de Diamantes de Angola). give notice of the results obtained in 15,729 intra dermo reactions to tuberculin made in natives of the northe·ast part of Angola, and though considering the prospection carried out, so far, very incomplete, have come to the following conclusions: 1. - Infection rates grow progressively from birth to mature age, this growth being more prominent until the fifteens and mainly in the first decade of life. The annual average rate of primo-infection is expressed in decreasing values for the first three decades of life, from 2,5 % to 1 %. 2. - On and after the twenty .five years, the number of primo-infection is small. 3. - Only after the sixteens there is some difference in primo-infections according to the sexes: they are steady in males and very few in females. 4. ln adult age, the percentage of positive allergic males is almost the double of feminine ones. 5. - Precedent facts are interpreted in the light of peculiar conditions of native life, which compel young people from both sexes and feminine adults to suffer contamination in family and village sorroundings (endogenous contamination), and in addition to the one of foreign sorroundings, in particular due to collective working conditions and a more vast human intercourse, which exert their action on male adults. 6. - From the comparison of regional rates, they could appreciate and establish the influence of the following factors in the dissemination of tuberculosis in Lunda and Songo: a. ) ln the present moroent, an irregular repartition of infection seams more related to the ways of life than due to differences of etnical or physical constitution. b) The influence of European civilization in native life as a favourable agent to the dissemination of tuberculosis. c) The importance of centers with a high density of population, the attraction of industrial activities, with their inevitable promiscuity, are causes for the higher rates registered in places where European colonization is more active. d) Notwithstanding, considering of capital importance, in the action against tuberculosis in Lunda and Songo, the raising of the native standard of living (by improvement of physical conditions, nutrition, general hygienic conditions, action against acute and chronic intercurrent diseases, etc.) , contemplated the peculiar economic, geographic, ethnological, social and cultural reasons, etc., they consider their action slow ,and incomplete, and though listing as indispensable such desideratum, they propose to attend to it and to outrun it, immediately, by more active means of action against the endemy (vaccination, research and treatment of cases, particularly open ones) .
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tuberculose Tuberculina Lunda Songo Angola
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto de Medicina Tropical